Earlier editions: 2020-112018-11
TITLE 1. CORPORATIONS 100-14707›DIVISION 3. CORPORATIONS FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES 12000-14707›PART 2. COOPERATIVE CORPORATIONS 12200-12704›CHAPTER 1. General Provisions, Organization and Bylaws 12200-12340›ARTICLE 2. General Provisions and Definitions 12210-12256
§ 12238
California Corporations Code · 2026-10 edition · updated 2026-10-04 · California
(a) “Member” means any person who, pursuant to a specific provision of a corporation’s articles or bylaws, has the right to vote for the election of a director or directors, or possesses proprietary interests in the corporation.
(b) The articles or bylaws may confer some or all of the rights of a member, set forth in this part, upon any person or persons who do not have any of the voting rights referred to in subdivision (a).
(c) Where a member of a corporation is not a natural person, such member may authorize in writing one or more natural persons to vote on its behalf on any or all matters which may require a vote of the members.
(d) A person is not a member by virtue of any of the following:
(1) Any rights such person has as a delegate.
(2) Any rights such person has to designate or select a director or directors.
(3) Any rights such person has as a director.
(e) “Worker-member” means a member of a worker cooperative who is a natural person and also a patron of a worker cooperative.
(f) “Community investor” means a person who is not a worker-member and who holds a share or other proprietary interest in a worker cooperative.
(g) “Worker” means a natural person contributing labor or services to a worker cooperative. “Candidate” means a worker who is being considered for membership in a worker cooperative, as defined in the corporation’s articles or bylaws.
(Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 192, Sec. 7. (AB 816) Effective January 1, 2016.)
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