Ch. 1 General Code Provisions — 2025 California Mechanical Code

(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building application.)

Adopt the entire UMC chapter as amended, state-amended sections are listed below: If there is an “X” under a particular state agency’s acronym in this row, it means that a particular state agency has adopted the entire model code chapter, with state amendments.

Each section that a state agency has amended and/or added within a particular chapter is listed. There will be an “X” under the agency’s acronym in the row of the amended and/or added section.

Example:

CALIFORNIA MECHANICAL CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

CHAPTER 1 - GENERAL CODE PROVISIONS

(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building application.)

Adopt only those sections which are listed below:

If there is an “X” under a particular state agency’s acronym in this row, it means that particular state agency is adopting only specific model code or state-amended sections within this chapter. There will be an “X” in the column under the agency’s acronym, as well as an “X” by each section that the agency has adopted.

Example:

CALIFORNIA MECHANICAL CODE – MATRIX ADOPTION TABLE

CHAPTER 1 - GENERAL CODE PROVISIONS

(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building application.)

HOW TO DISTINGUISH MODEL CODE LANGUAGE FROM CALIFORNIA AMENDMENTS

To distinguish between model code language and incorporated California Amendments, including exclusive California standards, California amendments will appear in italics font print.

Symbols in the margins indicate the status of code changes as follows:

[BSC]

This symbol identifies which State agency(s) by its “acronym” that has amended a section of the model code. For a complete listing of State agency acronyms, see the Application Section within Chapter 1, Division I.

This symbol indicates that a change has been made to a California amendment.

This symbol indicates that a section, paragraph, or table has been revised or relocated within IAPMO model code language.

This symbol indicates deletion of California language.

This symbol indicates where an entire section, paragraph, or table has been deleted from IAPMO model code language.

Revision Markings A double right angle ( « ) in the margin indicates that the text or a table has been relocated within the code.

TIA TIA TIA TIA

TIA indicates that the revision is the result of a Tentative Interim Amendment.

For further information on tentative interim amendments see Section 5 of the IAPMO Regulations Governing Committee Projects available at http://codes.iapmo.org/

A reference in brackets [ ] following a section or paragraph indicates material that has been extracted from another document. This reprinted material is not the complete and official position of the source document on the referenced subject that is represented by the standard in its entirety. Material contained in this document that is taken or extracted from NFPA standards is used with permission of the National Fire Protection Association. This material is not the complete and official position of the NFPA on the reference subject, which is represented solely by the relevant standard in its entirety. NFPA standards can be accessed at www.nfpa.org. In addition, this extracted material may include revisions or modifications developed through IAPMO’s standards development process. Therefore, NFPA disclaims responsibility for the content of this Code.

Text that is extracted pursuant to IAPMO’s Extract Guidelines, but outside of the regular revision process is denoted with the use of the source document in the margin. This text is not fully processed by IAPMO in accordance with ANSI’s public announcement consensus requirements for an American National Standard (ANS) nor approved by ANSI’s Board of Standards Review. The next revision cycle processes such text in accordance with those requirements.

Important Notices and Disclaimers The 2024 edition of the Uniform Mechanical Code is developed through a consensus standards development process approved by the American National Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus on mechanical issues. While the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its codes

and standards.

IAPMO disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this document. IAPMO also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published

herein.

In issuing and making this document available, IAPMO is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is IAPMO undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.

Updating IAPMO Codes Users of IAPMO codes should be aware that IAPMO codes may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. IAPMO codes consist of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim Amendments and any Errata in effect.

To access information for a specific code or to determine whether an IAPMO code has been amended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata, please visit the IAPMO codes information page on the IAPMO’s website (https://www.iapmo.org/code-development). The codes information page provides a list of IAPMO codes with up-to-date specific information including any issued Tentative Interim

Amendments and Errata.

Origin and Development The industry has long recognized the advantages of a statewide adopted mechanical code. The first edition of the Uniform Mechanical Code [®] (UMC [®] ) was adopted by IAPMO in 1967. The widespread use of this code over the past five decades by jurisdictions throughout the United States and internationally is testament to its merit.

Publishing of the 2003 Uniform Mechanical Code was a significant milestone because it was the first time in the history of the United States a mechanical code was developed through a true consensus process. The 2024 edition represents the most current approaches in the mechanical field and is the eighth edition developed under the ANSI consensus process. Contributions to the content of this code consists of diverse interests as consumers, enforcing authorities, installers/maintainers, labor, manufacturers, research/standards/testing laboratories, special experts, and users.

The Uniform Mechanical Code provides consumers with complete requirements for the installation and maintenance of heating, ventilating, cooling, and refrigeration systems, while, at the same time, allowing latitude for innovation and new technologies. The public at large is invited and encouraged to take part in IAPMO’s open consensus code development process. This code is updated every three years. The Uniform Mechanical Code is dedicated to all those who, in working to achieve “the ultimate mechanical code,” have unselfishly devoted their time, effort, and personal funds to create and maintain this, the finest mechanical code in existence today.

The Uniform Mechanical Code updates every three years in revision cycles that begin twice each year that takes two years to complete.

Each revision cycle advances according to a published schedule that includes final dates for all major events and contains four basic steps as follows:

1. Proposal Stage;
2. Comment Stage;
3. Association Technical Meeting;
4. Council Appeals and Issuance of Code.

IAPMO develops “full consensus” codes built on a foundation of maximum participation and agreement by a broad range of interests. This philosophy has led to producing technically sound codes that promote health and safety, yet do not stifle design or development.

It is important to stress that the process remains committed to the principles of consensus code development where consensus Technical Committees and Correlating Committees revise codes. The public and membership are offered multiple opportunities to debate, provide input and raise concerns through Amending Motions at the annual Assembly Consideration Session. Anyone may submit an appeal related to the issuance of a document through the IAPMO Standards Council.

The 2024 Uniform Mechanical Code is supported by the Mechanical Contractors Association of America (MCAA), the Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors National Association (PHCC-NA), the United Association (UA), and the World Plumbing Council (WPC). The presence of these logos, while reflecting support, does not imply any ownership of the copyright to the UMC, which is held exclusively by IAPMO. Further, the logos of these associations indicate the support of IAPMO’s open consensus process being used to develop IAPMO’s codes and standards.

The addresses of the organizations are as follows: ASSE – 18927 Hickory Creek Drive, Suite 220 • Mokena, IL 60448 • (708) 995-3019 MCAA – 1385 Piccard Drive • Rockville, MD 20850 • (301) 869-5800 PHCC-NA – 180 S Washington Street, Suite 100 • Falls Church, VA 22040-6808 • (800) 533-7694 RPA – 18927 Hickory Creek Drive, Suite 220 • Mokena, IL 60448 • (877) 427-6601 UA – Three Park Place • Annapolis, MD 21401 • (410) 269-2000 WPC – Auf der Mauer 11 • 8021 Zurich, Switzerland • Secretariat@worldplumbing.org

Adoption The Uniform Mechanical Code is available for adoption and use by jurisdictions in the United States and Internationally. Its use within a governmental jurisdiction is accomplished through adoption by reference in accordance with applicable jurisdictional laws. At adoption, jurisdictions should insert the applicable information in bracketed words in the sample ordinance. The sample legislation for adoption of the Uniform Mechanical Code on page ix provides key components, regulations and resolutions.

Revision Markings Solid vertical lines in the margins indicate a technical change from the requirements of the 2021 edition. An arrow ( ) in the margin indicates where an entire section, paragraph, exception, figure, or table has been deleted, or an item in a list of items or a table has been deleted.

A double right angle ( « ) in the margin indicates that the text, table, or figure has been relocated within the code. The table found on page xxi points out the relocations in the 2024 edition of the Uniform Mechanical Code .

TIA TIA indicates that the revision is the result of a Tentative Interim Amendment. TIA For further information on tentative interim amendments see Section 5 of the IAPMO TIA TIA Regulations Governing Committee Projects available at http://www.iapmo.org/code**TIA** development

A reference in brackets [ ] following a section or paragraph indicates material that has been extracted from another document. A reference in brackets { } following a section or paragraph indicates material that has been extracted from another document and has been modified further by the Technical Committee. This reprinted material is not the complete and official position of the source document on the referenced subject that is represented by the standard in its entirety. Material contained in this document that is taken or extracted from NFPA standards is used with permission of the National Fire Protection Association. This material is not the complete and official position of the NFPA on the reference subject, which is represented solely by the relevant standard in its entirety. NFPA standards can be accessed at www.nfpa.org. In addition, this extracted material may include revisions or modifications developed through IAPMO’s standards development process. Therefore, NFPA disclaims responsibility for the content of this code.

Text that is extracted pursuant to IAPMO’s Extract Guidelines, but outside of the regular revision process is denoted with the use of the source document in the margin. This text is not fully processed by IAPMO in accordance with ANSI’s public announcement consensus requirements for an American National Standard (ANS) nor approved by ANSI’s Board of Standards Review. The next revision cycle processes such text in accordance with those requirements.

The format of the Uniform Mechanical Code (UMC) arranges each chapter in accordance with a specific subject matter. However, Chapter 3 is dedicated to general requirements that are applicable to every chapter. The subject matters are divided as follows:

The following is a summary of the scope and intent of the provisions addressed within the chapters and appendices of the Uniform Mechanical Code :

Chapter 1 Administration. Chapter 1 regulates the application, enforcement, and administration of subsequent requirements of the code. As well as establishing the scope of the code, this chapter is concerned with enforcing the requirements contained in the body of the code. A mechanical code, as with any other code, is intended to be adopted as a legally enforceable document to safeguard health, safety, property, and public welfare. The code cannot be effective without satisfactory provisions for its administration and enforcement. The Authority Having Jurisdiction is to review the proposed and completed work and decide whether a mechanical system conforms to the code requirements. As a public servant, the Authority Having Jurisdiction enforces the code in an unbiased proper manner. The design professional is responsible for the design of a safe mechanical system. The contractor is responsible for installing the system in accordance with the plans.

Chapter 2 Definitions. To maintain consistency and encourage the use of common terminology, Chapter 2 establishes definitions to provide clarity of terms and promote the use of a common language throughout the code. Understanding definitions within the context of their application enables greater collaboration, efficiency, standardization, and interpretation in applying and enforcing terms used throughout the code. Codes are technical documents, and every term can impact the meaning of the code text. Terms not defined have a normally accepted meaning.

Chapter 3 General Regulations. Chapter 3 regulates the general requirements, not specific to other chapters, for installing mechanical systems. Many regulations are not specific mechanical requirements but relate to the overall mechanical system. This chapter contains safety requirements for appliance location and installation, appliance and system access, condensate disposal, clearances to combustibles, and return or outside air used in mechanical systems. Listing method of approval, based on applicable nationally recognized standards for the safe and proper installation of mechanical systems, is essential to ensure protection of public health, safety, and welfare. These safety requirements provide protection for piping, tubing, materials, and structures, including provisions for installation practices addressing stress and strain, sleeving, and hanger support. The building’s structural stability is protected by the regulations for cutting and notching of structural members.

Chapter 4 Ventilation Air. Chapter 4 regulates the minimum requirements for ventilation air supply, exhaust, and makeup air for occupiable spaces within a building. Building ventilation is one important factor affecting the relationship between airborne transmission of respiratory infections and the health and productivity of workers. Ventilation air may be composed of mechanical or natural ventilation, infiltration, recirculated air, transfer air, or a suitable combination of these. Providing a comfortable and healthy indoor environment for building occupants is of primary concern. When determining ventilation rates, typical and unusual significant sources of indoor pollution need to be controlled. Areas such as kitchens, bathrooms, and laundries are all built to allow specific functions. These spaces produce pollutants such as moisture, odors, volatile organic compounds, particles, or combustion byproducts. The purpose of local exhaust is to control concentrates of these pollutants in the room into which they were emitted and to reduce the spread of pollutants into other parts of the occupancy. Local exhaust ventilation is the source control for pollution that is expected in certain rooms. Using local exhaust to extract contaminants before they mix with the indoor environment is essential.

Chapter 5 Exhaust Systems. Chapter 5 regulates the minimum requirements for exhaust systems. Chapter 5 contains two parts: Part I provides exhaust requirements for environmental air ducts and product conveying systems; Part II provides exhaust requirements for commercial hoods and kitchen ventilation. Environmental air ducts include exhaust ducts used for transporting the air from domestic kitchens, bathrooms, shower rooms, locker rooms, janitor’s closets, and clothes dryers. Systems that carry nonabrasive exhaust, such as smoke, moderate abrasives such as sawdust, and high abrasives such as manganese or acid vapors use product-conveying ducts. Part II provides the minimum fire safety requirements related to the design, installation, inspection, and maintenance of grease-type operations, such as cooking, for both fuel-gas and solid fuel. Cooking produces a significant amount of smoke, fumes, vapors, heat, and other pollutants. Therefore, acceptable kitchen ventilation is necessary to prevent fires from the build-up of grease and to provide the occupants protection from smoke, unpleasant odors, pollutants, and dangerous gases. There are two types of exhaust hoods (Type I and Type II) used in commercial kitchen applications.

Type I hoods are intended to be installed above equipment or appliances that generate grease or smoke. Type II hoods are intended to be installed above equipment or appliances that generate steam, vapor, heat, or odors and do not generate grease or smoke.

Chapter 6 Duct Systems. Chapter 6 regulates requirements for ducts and plenums that are portions of a heating, cooling, ventilation, or exhaust system. This chapter contains material and installation requirements for metal, gypsum, factory-made, flexible, and plastic ducts. It also contains provisions for duct insulation, dampers, fire protection, and automatic shutoff for the building’s air distribution system. It is worth noting that exhaust ducts are regulated by Chapter 5, and combustion air ducts are regulated by Chapter 7.

Chapter 7 Combustion Air. Chapter 7 regulates combustion air requirements for ventilation and dilution of flue gases for appliances installed in buildings. Fuel-gas appliances not regulated by chapter include direct vent appliances and Type I clothes dryers. Makeup air requirements for Type I clothes dryers are located in Chapter 5. Chapter 7 provides acceptable methods for supplying satisfactory combustion air to ensure proper combustion. Combustion air can be supplied by using indoor combustion air or by introducing the air from the outdoors.

Combustion is the rapid oxidation of fuel to release energy. The oxygen required to release the energy from the fuel normally comes from the air. Incomplete combustion of fuel occurs when inadequate oxygen is provided to the appliance. Combustion is needed to provide ventilation cooling for the casing and internal controls. When a lack of oxygen occurs, some of the carbon is not oxidized, and carbon monoxide forms.

Chapter 8 Chimneys and Vents. Chapter 8 regulates the installation, design, and construction of venting systems for fuel-burning appliances. The provisions addressed within this chapter follow procedures an installer would use to design or evaluate a venting system. Many requirements apply to the design and construction of venting systems, chimneys, installation of gas vents, and the sizing of venting system for a Category I appliance. Sizing venting systems require rigorous engineering calculations. However, the venting sizing requirements and sizing tables in this chapter already perform the calculations for the benefit of the end user.

Combustion appliances produce products of incomplete combustion, including potentially harmful carbon monoxide (CO). It is desirable to vent these products to the outdoors. Although the gas is clean-burning fuel, the products of combustion must not be allowed to collect within a building.

Chapter 9 Installation of Specific Appliances. Chapter 9 regulates the minimum requirements for the design, construction and installation of specific appliances. The provisions address the minimum requirements for gas-fired appliances, oil-fired appliances, wood-fired appliances, and electric-type appliances. In addition to the requirements of this chapter, appliances are also required to comply with the general requirements of Chapter 3.

Chapter 10 Boilers and Pressure Vessels. Chapter 10 regulates the construction, installation, operation, repair, and alteration of boilers and pressure vessels. The safety provisions within this chapter address controls and limit devices for automatic boilers, methods of determining expansion tank capacities, discharge piping, relief valves, shutoff valves, gas-pressure and combustion regulators, and inspections and tests. Potable water heaters are free from the requirements of Chapter 10 as they are within the scope of the Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC).

Pressure vessels store large amounts of energy and must comply with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) Section VIII.1. The stored energy must be contained to prevent disastrous failures. Boilers must comply with ASME BPVC Section I, ASME BPVC Section IV, or NFPA 85. Installing a safety relief valve and expansion tank prevents pressures in the tank from exceeding the design threshold.

Chapter 11 Refrigeration. Chapter 11 regulates the design, installation, and construction requirements of refrigeration systems and the installation and construction of cooling towers. Refrigeration is a method used for achieving heat transfer to cool spaces. Refrigerants are the most common medium used to transfer the heat energy from the low-temperature level to the high-temperature level. Table

1102.3 lists the most commonly used refrigerants and is labeled by a number. The concentration limits provided in Table 1102.3 are useful for the quantity of refrigerant required to cool a volume of space safely.

A major milestone reached in the industry was the introduction of lower flammability refrigerants such as A2L and B2L. The industry’s concerns to address lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) refrigerants led to the development of these lower flammability refrigerants. Chapter 11 does not only include these lower flammability refrigerants in Table 1102.3, but it also contains specific A2L and B2L provisions to address the precautions necessary for the proper use of these products. In particular, high-probability systems using A2L refrigerants for human comfort applications are covered by provisions which include refrigerant concentration limits, mechanical ventilation, ignition sources, compressors and pressure vessels, and refrigerant sensors.

In addition, Chapter 11 addresses other minimum requirements for refrigeration systems such as refrigeration machinery rooms (including ventilation), relief valves, and pressure vessels. Apart from refrigerants, the chapter also addresses minimum requirements for systems that use other mediums such as ammonia and brine systems. For ammonia systems, such systems are required to comply with IIAR 2, IIAR 3, IIAR/ANSI 4, IIAR 5, and IIAR 6.

Chapter 12 Hydronics. Chapter 12 regulates hydronic systems that are part of heating, cooling, ventilation, and conditioning systems. Such piping systems include steam, hot water, radiant heating and cooling, chilled water, steam condensate, condenser water, ground source heat pump systems, snow and ice melt systems, ambient temperature loops, and district ambient temperature loops. Provisions within this chapter addressing ground source heat pumps and ambient temperature loops apply to the hydronic portions of the system. Geothermal energy systems, including ground source heat pumps and ambient temperature loops, are regulated by Chapter 17.

Materials for piping and tubing must meet the working temperature and pressure of the system. In addition, materials must be compatible with the transfer medium to prevent deformation, bursting, or any chemical action between the material and the transfer medium. The allowable joining methods for piping or tubing are provided for application and enforcement purposes.

Chapter 13 Fuel Gas Piping. Chapter 13 regulates gas piping systems in a building, structure or within the property lines of buildings up to 5 psi. Gas piping systems must supply the minimum volume of gas required by each gas appliance to perform their proper operation under working conditions without exceeding the maximum pressure specified by each manufacturer. Because of the hazards associated with fuel gas, it is important to ensure the gas system has been inspected and tested, and that it is safe to turn on the gas supply to the building.

Chapter 14 Process Piping. Chapter 14 regulates process piping that typically is found in refineries. Process piping is considered the piping or tubing portion that transports liquid or gas, which is used directly in research, laboratory, or production process. This chapter may be used with another chapter of the code. For example, refrigeration piping, fuel gas piping, or fuel oil piping may need to comply with this chapter for process piping and the applicable chapter for materials, design, and installation.

Chapter 15 Solar Energy Systems. Chapter 15 refers the user to the Uniform Solar, Hydronics and Geothermal Code (USHGC) for solar energy system requirements. The USHGC contains comprehensive design, installation, and construction requirements for all types of solar thermal systems, such as drainback, thermosiphon, open-loop, and closed-loop systems. The USHGC also addresses installation of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems including array circuit(s), inverter(s), and controller(s) for such systems.

Chapter 16 Stationary Power Plants. This chapter provides minimum requirements for stationary fuel cell power plants. A fuel cell is a device that produces electricity by a chemical reaction. Fuel cells have been used mostly for satellites. However, the costs of fuel cells have decreased to a point where they are now economically attainable. With the increase in electricity costs, fuel cells are being considered as an alternative for producing electricity.

Chapter 17 Geothermal Energy Systems and Ambient Temperature Loops. Chapter 17 regulates the design, installation, construction, and location of geothermal energy systems and ambient temperature loops (ATLs). This chapter provides the minimum safety requirements for various types of geothermal systems, including building systems coupled with a ground-heat exchangers, submerged heat exchangers using water-based fluid as a heat transfer medium, and groundwater (well). For ease of use and clarification on the applicability of geothermal provisions, Chapter 17 is divided into five parts pertaining to general provisions for all types of geothermal systems, closed-loop systems, open-loop systems, direct-exchange (DX) systems, and ambient temperature loops. For district ambient temperature loops, including those utilizing multiple hybrid systems, Part I through Part V are applicable.

In order to properly design a geothermal system, it is important to know the seasonal variation in the soil temperature, as well as the soil’s inherent capability to store and transmit heat, namely its heat capacity and thermal conductivity. In addition, a properly designed heat pump distribution system is essential for the distribution of geothermal energy.

Materials for piping and tubing must meet the working temperature and pressure of the system. Furthermore, materials must be compatible with the transfer medium to prevent deformation, bursting, or any chemical action between the material and the transfer medium. Approved materials for indoor piping, fittings, and accessories that are a part of a groundwater system as well as the allowable joining methods for piping or tubing are provided for application and enforcement purposes.

Chapter 18 Referenced Standards. Chapter 18 provides two comprehensive tables with referenced standards. The standards listed in Table 1801.1 are applied as indicated in the applicable reference section(s). A list of additional approved standards, publications, practices, and guides that are not referenced in specific sections appear in Table 1801.2.

Referenced standards set forth specific details of accepted practices, materials specifications, or test methods in many specialized applications. Standards provide an efficient method of conveying complex information and specifications on the performance requirements for materials, products, systems, application, and installation. The manner and purpose for a standard’s use and, in turn, code compliance, must be definitive in all references to the standard. If the standard is intended to be a requirement for judging code compliance, the code must state its intent for use. The standard should adequately address a defined need and at the same time specify the minimum performance requirements, technical characteristics and methods of testing, and required test results.

The referenced standards tables are organized in a manner that makes it easy to find specific standards in alphabetical order, and by acronym of the publishing agency of the standard. The tables list the title of the standard, the edition, and any addenda. Contact information for each publishing agency is provided at the end of the chapter.

Appendix A Residential Plans Examiner Review Form for HVAC System Design. A residential plans examiner review form is located in this appendix as an example to assist users in identifying whether the HVAC system has followed the approved procedures for system design (loads, equipment, and ducts).

Appendix B Procedures to be Followed to Place Gas Equipment in Operation. Appendix B provides requirements for the procedures that apply after an appliance is installed in place, piped, and connected to its venting system. The requirements include adjusting the burner input, air adjustments, verifying operation of safety shutoffs, automatic ignition, and protective devices, checking draft for vent-connected appliances, and operating instructions.

Appendix C Installation and Testing of Oil (Liquid) Fuel-Fired Equipment. Appendix C governs the installation, testing, or repair of oil or liquid fuel-burning equipment used in buildings or structures and equipment.

Appendix D Fuel Supply: Manufactured/Mobile Home Parks and Recreational Vehicle Parks. The provisions of this appendix apply to the fuel gas piping systems of mobile home and recreational vehicle parks. These provisions also apply to the use, maintenance, and installation for supplying fuel gas for accessory buildings or structures, and building components.

Appendix E Sustainable Practices. This appendix provides a comprehensive set of technically sound provisions that encourage sustainable practices and works toward improving the design and construction of mechanical systems that result in a positive long-term environmental impact. Environmental sustainability is important because it involves natural resources that human beings need for economic or manufactured capital. Their sustainability is defined by their reliance on infinitely available resources that are naturally occurring, constant, and free to access.

Appendix F Sizing of Venting Systems and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design. Appendix F provides added information on the sizing of gas vents. This appendix is useful to the end user for the proper sizing of venting systems. A series of examples are given that show how to use the tables and other requirements of Chapter 8. In addition, Appendix F shows an example of how to determine the required combination of indoor and outdoor combustion air opening sizes for appliances under Chapter 7. The combustion air example also provides a table that contains the required volume of space per the appliance Btu/h input based on the standard method.

Appendix G Example Calculation of Outdoor Air Rate. Appendix G gives an example of how to calculate the required outdoor air rate under Chapter 4.

Appendix H Professional Qualifications. Appendix H provides a baseline of knowledge for installers, inspectors, or employers working with and around systems covered within the scope of this code to maintain health and safety.

Appendix I Indoor Horticultural Facilities. Appendix I addresses indoor spaces using environmental controls for horticultural cultivation and processing of plants for human ingestion, inhalation, and topical application. The appendix includes recommendations pertaining to fire protection and suppression systems, carbon dioxide detection systems, flammable solvents, ventilation and exhaust systems, particulate and odor control, and fumigation.

Appendix J Clean Air Delivery. Appendix J provides criteria for an increased level of protection for occupant health by delivering and monitoring clean air in occupied areas of certain buildings. This appendix addresses Demand Control Ventilation (DCV) for occupancy groups A, B, E, and I and recommends that each occupiable zone have CO 2 sensors which communicate with building mechanical systems to adjust airflow rates and maintain acceptable CO 2 levels. Additionally, this appendix contains provisions for mechanical system controls pertaining to sensor calibration, intervals for collected data, and automatic remediation actions to increase the amount of outdoor air provided to each occupiable zone. The CO 2 sensors addressed in this appendix are intended to give notifications that can assist with awareness of unhealthy levels and give insight to building occupants as to when mitigation action is necessary.

SAMPLE LEGISLATION FOR ADOPTION OF THE UNIFORM MECHANICAL CODE

The Uniform Codes are designed to be adopted by jurisdictions through an ordinance. Jurisdictions wishing to adopt the 2024 Uniform Mechanical Code as an enforceable regulation governing mechanical systems by reference should ensure the legal basis under which adoption and implementation are included in the ordinance.

The following sample ordinance is a guide for drafting an ordinance for adoption that addresses key components regulations and resolutions.

ORDINANCE NO.

An ordinance of the [JURISDICTION] adopting the 2024 edition of the Uniform Mechanical Code, regulating and controlling the design, construction, quality of materials, erection, installation, alteration, repair, location, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of mechanical systems in the [JURISDICTION]; providing for the issuance of permits and collection of fees therefor; repealing Ordinance No. of the

[JURISDICTION] and all other ordinances and parts of the ordinances in conflict therewith.

The [GOVERNING BODY] of the [JURISDICTION] does ordain as follows:

Section 1 Codes Adopted by Reference. That certain documents, three (3) copies of which are on file in the office of the [JURISDICTION'S KEEPER OF RECORDS] and the [JURISDICTION], being marked and designated as the 2024 Uniform Mechanical Code, including Appendix Chapters [FILL IN THE APPENDIX CHAPTERS BEING ADOPTED], as published by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, be and is hereby adopted as the Code of the [JURISDICTION], in the State of [STATE NAME] regulating and controlling the design, construction, quality of materials, erection, installation, alteration, repair, location, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of mechanical systems as herein provided; providing for the issuance of permits and collection of fees therefor; and each and all of the regulations, provisions, penalties, conditions and terms of such 2024 Uniform Mechanical Code on file in the office of the

[JURISDICTION] are hereby referred to, adopted, and made a part hereof, as if fully set out in this ordinance.

Section 2 Modifications. The following sections are hereby revised: Section 101.1. Insert: [NAME OF JURISDICTION] Section 104.5. Insert: [APPROPRIATE FEE SCHEDULE]

Section 3 Conflicting Ordinances Repealed. That Ordinance No. of [JURISDICTION] entitled

[TITLE OF THE ORDINANCE OR ORDINANCES IN EFFECT AT THE PRESENT TIME SO THAT THEY WILL BE REPEALED BY MENTION] and all other ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.

Section 4 Preemption. [JURISDICTION] hereby fully occupies and preempts the entire field of regulation of design, construction, quality of materials, erection, installation, alteration, repair, location, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of mechanical systems; and provision for the issuance of permits and collection of fees therefor; within the boundaries of [JURISDICTION]. [AS APPROPRIATE] Cities, towns, and counties or other municipalities may enact only those laws and ordinances relating to this field as specifically authorized by state law and consistent with this ordinance. Local laws and ordinances that are inconsistent with, more restrictive than, or exceed the requirements of [ORDINANCE NO.] shall not be enacted and are hereby expressly preempted and repealed, regardless of the nature of the code, charter, or home rule status of such city, town, county, or municipality.

Section 5 Severability. That if any section, subsection, sentence, clause or phrase of this ordinance is, for any reason, held to be unconstitutional, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this ordinance. The [GOVERNING BODY] hereby declares that it would have passed this ordinance, and each section, subsection, clause or phrase thereof, irrespective of the fact that any one or more sections, subsections, sentences, clauses and phrases be declared unconstitutional.

Section 6 Legal Notice. That the [JURISDICTION'S KEEPER OF RECORDS] is hereby ordered and directed to cause this ordinance to be published. (An additional provision may be required to direct the number of times the ordinance is to be published and to specify that it is to be in a newspaper in general circulation. Posting may also be required.)

Section 7 Violations and Penalties. [INCORPORATE PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS]

Section 8 Effective Date. That this ordinance and the rules, regulations, provisions, requirements, orders and matters established and adopted hereby shall take effect and be in full force and effect [TIME PERIOD] from and after the date of its final passage and adoption.

COMMITTEE ON UNIFORM MECHANICAL CODE

These lists represent the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred.

IAPMO Standards Council Bill Erickson, Chairperson, CJ Erickson Plumbing Company [I/M]

JT Baca, State of New Mexico [E]

Laura Ceja, United Association [L]

Rick Coffman, City of Cedar Falls, Retired [C]

Marty Cooper, Vice Chairperson, City of Foster City [E]

Jim Imprescia, City of Leominster [E]

Doug Marian, District Council 16 [L]

Jim Stack, Stack Plumbing, Inc. [I/M]

Don Summers, Plumber’s & Pipefitters Training Center [L]

Nonvoting

Gabriella M. Davis, Secretary, IAPMO Hugo Aguilar, Recording Secretary, IAPMO

IAPMO Uniform Mechanical Code Technical Committee Harvey Kreitenberg, Chairperson, Harvey Kreitenberg & Associates [SE]

Bob Adler, 4 Leaf, Inc. [E] Sarah Aguilar, Ciari Plumbing & Heating [I/M] Rawand Aryan, City of Los Angeles Department of Building & Safety [E] Julius Ballanco, JB Engineering & Code Consulting [SE] DJ Berger, National ITC Corporation [U] Michael Cudahy, Plastic Pipe & Fittings Association (PPFA) [M] David Dias, Sheet Metal Workers Local 104 [L] Jay Egg, EggGeothermal Consulting [C] Pennie Feehan, Copper Development Association (CDA) [M] Brian Fenty, Self [E] Aaron Gunzner, Air Movement and Control Association International (AMCA) [R/S/T] John Hamilton, National Energy Management Institute Committee (NEMIC) [R/S/T] John Heine, Heine Plumbing & Heating [I/M] Ralph Koerber, Air Duct Council [M] Lance MacNevin, Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) [SE]

Dave Mann, CA State Pipe Trades Council [L] John Nielsen, State of Idaho - Division of Building Safety [E] Phil Ribbs, PHR Consultants [SE] Robert Sewell, Lescure Company [U] Donald Cary Smith, Sound Geothermal Corporation [SE] Don Taylor, Dittmann Plumbing [U] Mark Terzigni, Sheet Metal & Air Conditioning Contractors’ National Association (SMACNA) [R/S/T] April Trafton, Donald F. Dickerson Associates [SE] Phil Trafton, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating & Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) [R/S/T] Chris Van Rite, Air Distribution Institute (ADI) [M] Robert Vilches, United Association [L] Randy Young, Northern CA Valley Sheet Metal Industry JATC [L] Chuck White, Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors National Association (PHCC-NA) [I/M] Bob Wiseman, Air Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA) [I/M]

Mike Afonso, UA Local 342 [L] David Bixby, Air Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA) [I/M] Richard Church, Plastic Pipe & Fittings Association (PPFA) [M] Andrew Davie, Mesa Energy Systems Inc. [U] Duane Davis, Sheet Metal & Air Conditioning Contractors’ National Association (SMACNA) [R/S/T] Kristy Egg, EggGeothermal Consulting [C] Michael Galfano, United Association [L] Mat Hattich, UA Local 342 [L]

Alternates

Shawn Hargis, City of Los Angeles Department of Building & Safety [E] Robert Kuks, Northern CA Joint Apprenticeship Committee [L] Tim Orris, Air Movement and Control Association International (AMCA) [R/S/T] Luis Reyes, National ITC Corporation [U] Chris Ruch, National Energy Management Institute Committee (NEMIC) [R/S/T] Jason Shelton, Air Duct Council [M] Bob Whittington, Air Distribution Institute (ADI) [M]

Nonvoting

Alexander Ing, National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) [R/S/T] Matthew Barker, National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) [R/S/T] Taylor Duran, IAPMO Staff Liaison David Gans, Ex-Officio IAPMO [E]

COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP CLASSIFICATION ABBREVIATIONS

These classifications apply to Technical Committee members and represent their principal interest in the activity of a committee. M Manufacturer : A representative of a maker or marketer of a product, assembly or system, or portion thereof, that is affected by the standard. U User : A representative of an entity that is subject to the provisions of the standard or that voluntarily uses the standard. I/M Installer/Maintainer : A representative of an entity that is in the business of installing or maintaining a product, assembly or system affected by

the standard.

L Labor : A labor representative or employee concerned with safety in the workplace. R/S/T Research/Standards/Testing Laboratory : A representative of an independent research organization; an organization that develops codes, standards or other similar documents; or an independent testing laboratory. E Enforcing Authority : A representative or an agency or an organization that promulgates and/or enforces standards. C Consumer : A person who is, or represents, the ultimate purchaser of a product, system, or service affected by the standard, but who is not

included in the User classification.

SE Special Expert : A person not representing any of the previous classifications, but who has special expertise in the scope of the standard or portion

thereof.

SECTION RELOCATION

SECTION RELOCATION

The Documents Listed are Not by this Reference Adopted by The State of California.

IAPMO provides a variety of other products which are useful for inspectors, building officials, architects, engineers,

manufacturers, contractors, plumbers, and apprentices.

IAPMO Headquarters Directory

4755 East Philadelphia Street, Ontario, California 91761-2816

Publication Order Desk Phone: 800-85-IAPMO

Publication Toll Free Fax: 877-85-CODES

E-mail: iapmo@iapmo.org

Website: www.iapmo.org

Free Code Question: 800-201-0335

Uniform Mechanical Code – 2024 Edition:

The Uniform Mechanical Code contains complete requirements for the installation and maintenance of heating, ventilating, cooking and refrigeration systems.

Uniform Mechanical Code Illustrated Training Manual:

Contains technical diagrams and illustrations that demonstrate the intent and use of the UMC. A great reference for everyone involved in Mechanical HVACR design and installation.

Uniform Mechanical Code Study Guide:

The Study Guide is a complete self-study course for learning the UMC. A big help in getting ready for a certification exam! This book is the perfect complement to the UMC Illustrated Training Manual.

Guide to Important Code Questions to the Uniform Mechanical Code:

An excellent reference for learning and understanding mechanical code changes and identifies code changes between editions. It is a useful tool for preparing code change proposals.

Uniform Plumbing Code – 2024 Edition:

The Uniform Plumbing Code is the most widely adopted plumbing code in the world. The 2024 edition contains complete “turnkey” requirements for the installation and maintenance of plumbing systems, all in one easy to use book.

Uniform Plumbing Code Illustrated Training Manual:

The UPC Illustrated Training Manual is an excellent reference for anyone involved in the plumbing industry. It contains an extensive definitions section and several hundred comprehensive technical diagrams and illustrations. It serves as a textbook, and it also is useful as a valuable tool for explaining the intent and use of the Code.

Uniform Plumbing Code Study Guide:

This book is the perfect complement to the UPC Illustrated Training Manual. Alone, it constitutes a complete self-study course for learning the UPC. It has hundreds of questions, general practice exams, and plumbing math, pipe sizing exercises and fitting identification. A big help in getting you ready for a certification exam!

Guide to Important Code Questions to the Uniform Plumbing Code:

An excellent reference for learning and understanding plumbing code changes and identifies code changes between editions. It is a useful tool for preparing code change proposals.

The Documents Listed are Not by this Reference Adopted by The State of California.

Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa, and Hot Tub Code – 2024 Edition: The Uniform Swimming Pool, Spa and Hot Tub Code contains complete and current requirements for the erection, installation, alteration, repair, relocation, replacement, addition to and use or maintenance of these systems.

Uniform Solar, Hydronics and Geothermal Code – 2024 Edition: The Uniform Solar, Hydronics and Geothermal Code contains complete requirements for the erection, installation, alteration, addition, repair, relocation, replacement, addition to, use or maintenance of these systems.

Drain Waste and Vent Calculator:

A slide-rule style calculator provides quick and simple access to the fixture unit and sizing tables of Chapter 7 of the UPC.

Water Sizing Calculator: Sizing water systems becomes a much simpler task with the use of this handy slide-rule style calculator.

Natural Gas Pipe Sizing Calculator: This Natural Gas Pipe Sizing Calculator is presented in an easy to use and read slide-rule format. Designed for systems with a supply pressure of six to eight inches of water column, all pipe capacities are given in cubic feet per hour.

Trailer Standards:

IAPMO has developed a number of standards for specialty products used in manufactured homes and recreational vehicles. These standards are available individually, or they may be purchased as a set.

Education and Training Seminars: IAPMO specializes in conducting training and education, including fulfilling continuing education requirements, on the UPC and UMC as well as all of the most commonly utilized codes in the Construction Trades. Special seminars on industry or code subjects are expeditiously created and delivered upon request. Please call to obtain the seminar schedule or to arrange for a custom special seminar.

Backflow Prevention Institute – IAPMO:

The IAPMO Backflow Prevention Institute provides professional education and training for the control of hazards to our water supply and is dedicated to water-system safety worldwide. The Institute provides training in backflow prevention and cross-connection control. This program includes backflow preventers, testers, repairers, cross-connection control surveyors, program administrators and fire-sprinkler backflow preventer testers. Each of these courses provides compliance certification to American Society of Sanitary Engineering (ASSE) Series 5000 Professional Qualification Standards.

Backflow Prevention Reference Manual:

This unique 300-page manual contains full-color illustrations and sections relating to real-world installations, backflow prevention, testing cross-connection control, repair and inspections. The manual is an excellent textbook and a reference the inspectors in every jurisdiction should have access too. It is also an important resource for system designers, urban planners and utility companies – professionals on both sides of the water meter.

ANSI Z124 Standards:

These standards are written to specifically address a variety of plastic plumbing fixtures and components. They are available individually, or may be grouped for quantity discounts.

IAPMO Installation Standards:

IAPMO standards committees have formulated installation standards for a wide variety of commonly used plumbing materials and systems. The IAPMO installation standards are included after the text of the Uniform Plumbing Code, or can be purchased separately.

The Documents Listed are Not by this Reference Adopted by The State of California.

Material and Property Standards: IAPMO does not generally develop material and property standards, but when a need exists the Association will take a leadership role by filling the void. They are available, are subject to amendments and are withdrawn when recognized consensus standards are formulated.

OFFICIAL Magazine: IAPMO’s quarterly publication features informative articles related to Plumbing and Mechanical HVACR installations, award winning general interest features, technical columns and industry updates. Subscriptions are available and all IAPMO members receive a free copy of every issue!

Membership in IAPMO: IAPMO membership is open to all interested persons. Membership categories include Student, Individual, Senior, Organizational and Governmental. Member benefits include discounted prices on IAPMO publications, a subscription to Official magazine, and numerous educational and training opportunities.

HOW TO CONTACT IAPMO

Mailing Address: 4755 East Philadelphia Street, Ontario, California 91761-2816

Main Number: 909-472-4100 • Publication Orders: 800-85-IAPMO • Publication Fax: 877-85-CODES

Website: www.iapmo.org • Office Hours: Monday – Friday, 8am – 5pm Pacific Time

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 DIVISION I

CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION . . . . 1

1.1.0 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

1.1.1 Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

1.1.2 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

1.1.3 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

1.1.4 Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

1.1.5 Referenced Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

1.1.6 NonBuilding Standards, Orders,

and Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

1.1.7 Order of Precedence and Use . . . . .4

1.1.8 City, County, or City and County

Amendments, Additions or

Deletions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

1.1.9 Effective Date of This Code . . . . . . .5

1.1.10 Availability of Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

1.1.11 Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

1.1.12 Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

1.2.0 Building Standards Commission . . .5

1.2.1 BSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

1.2.2 BSC-CG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

1.2.3 Alternative Materials, Design,

and Methods of Construction

and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

1.3.0 Reserved for Board of State and

Community Corrections . . . . . . . . . .7

1.4.0 Department of Consumer Affairs . . .7

1.4.2 Adopting Agency Identification . . . .7

1.5.0 Reserved for California Energy

Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

1.6.0 Reserved for Department of

Food and Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . .7

1.7.0 California Department of

Public Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

1.7.2 Adopting Agency Identification . . . .7

1.8.0 Department of Housing and

Community Development [HCD] . . .7

1.8.1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

1.8.2 Authority and Abbreviations . . . . . . .7

1.8.3 Local Enforcing Agency . . . . . . . . . .8

1.8.4 Permits, Fees, Applications,

and Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

1.8.5 Right of Entry for Enforcement . . . . .9

1.8.6 Local Modification by Ordinance

or Regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

1.8.7 Alternate Materials, Designs, Tests,

and Methods of Construction . . . . .10

1.8.8 Appeals Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

1.8.9 Unsafe Buildings or Structures . . .11

1.8.10 Other Building Regulations . . . . . .12

1.9.0 Division of the State Architect . . . .12

1.9.1 Reserved for the Division of the State

Architect – Access Compliance . . .12

1.9.2 Division of the State Architect –

Structural Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

1.10.0 Department of Health Care Access and Information/Office

of Statewide Hospital Planning and Development . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

1.10.1 OSHPD 1 and OSHPD 1R . . . . . . .13

1.10.2 OSHPD 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

1.10.3 OSHPD 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

1.10.4 OSHPD 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

1.10.5 OSHPD 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

1.10.6 OSHPD 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

1.11.0 Office of the State Fire Marshal . . .14

1.11.1 SFM – Office of the State

Fire Marshal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

1.11.2 Duties and Powers of the

Enforcing Agency . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

1.11.3 Construction Documents . . . . . . . .17

1.11.4 Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

1.11.5 Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

1.11.6 Certificate of Occupancy . . . . . . . .19

1.11.7 Temporary Structures and Uses . .19

1.11.8 Service Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

1.11.9 Stop Work Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

1.11.10 Unsafe Buildings, Structures,

and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

1.11.11 Adopting Agency Identification . . .19

1.12.0 Reserved for the State Librarian . .19

1.13.0 Reserved for the Department

of Water Resources . . . . . . . . . . . .19

1.14.0 Reserved for the State Lands

Commission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

CHAPTER 1 DIVISION II

SCOPE AND ADMINISTRATION. . .21

101.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

101.1 Title. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

101.2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

101.3 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

101.4 Unconstitutional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

TABLE OF CONTENTS

101.5 Validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

102.0 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

102.1 Conflicts Between Codes . . . . . . . . 21

102.2 Existing Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

102.3 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

102.4 Additions, Alterations, Renovations, or Repairs . . . . . . . . . 21

102.5 Health and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

102.6 Changes in Building Occupancy. . . 21

102.7 Moved Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

102.8 Appendices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

103.0 Duties and Powers of the

Authority Having Jurisdiction . . . . . 22

103.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

103.2 Liability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

103.3 Applications and Permits . . . . . . . . 22

103.4 Right of Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

104.0 Permits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

104.1 Permits Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

104.2 Exempt Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

104.3 Application for Permit . . . . . . . . . . . 22

104.4 Permit Issuance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

104.5 Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

105.0 Inspections and Testing . . . . . . . . . 24

105.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

105.2 Required Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . 24

105.3 Testing of Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

105.4 Connection to Service Utilities . . . . 25

106.0 Violations and Penalties . . . . . . . . . 25

106.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

106.2 Notices of Correction or Violation . . 25

106.3 Penalties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

106.4 Stop Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

106.5 Authority to Disconnect Utilities in Emergencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

106.6 Authority to Condemn. . . . . . . . . . . 26

107.0 Board of Appeals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

107.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

107.2 Limitations of Authority . . . . . . . . . . 26

Table 104.5 Mechanical Permit Fees . . . . . . . . . 27

CHAPTER 2 DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

201.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

201.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

202.0 Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

202.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

CHAPTER 3 GENERAL REGULATIONS. . . . . . 49

301.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

301.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

301.2 Approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

301.3 Design of Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . 51

301.4 Electrical Connections . . . . . . . . . . 51

301.5 Oil-Burning Appliances . . . . . . . . . . 51

301.6 Personnel Protection . . . . . . . . . . . 51

301.7 OSHPD 1R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

302.0 Materials – Standards and

Alternates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

302.1 Minimum Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

302.2 Alternate Materials and Methods

of Construction Equivalency . . . . . . 51

302.3 Alternative Engineered Design. . . . 52

303.0 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

303.1 Listed Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

303.2 Closet or Alcove Installations . . . . . 52

303.3 Unlisted Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

303.4 Anchorage of Appliances . . . . . . . . 52

303.5 Restraining Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

303.6 Identification of Equipment . . . . . . . 53

303.7 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LP-Gas) Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

303.8 Appliances on Roofs. . . . . . . . . . . . 53

303.9 Avoiding Strain on Gas Piping . . . . 53

303.10 Clearance to Combustible

Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

303.11 Installation in Commercial

Garages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

303.12 Installation in Aircraft Hangars . . . . 54

304.0 Accessibility for Service . . . . . . . . . 54

304.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

304.2 Sloped Roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

304.3 Access to Appliances on Roofs . . . 54

304.4 Appliances in Attics and Under-Floor Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

305.0 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

305.1 Installation in Residential Garages . . 55

305.2 Pit Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

305.3 Flood Hazard Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

305.4 Elevator Shaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

305.5 Drainage Pan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

305.6 Outdoor Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

306.0 Automatic Control Devices . . . . . . . 55

306.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

306.2 Building Automation Systems . . . . 56

TABLE OF CONTENTS

307.0 Labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

307.1 Fuel-Burning Appliances . . . . . . . . 56

307.2 Electric Heating Appliances . . . . . . 56

307.3 Heat Pump and Electric Cooling Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

307.4 Absorption Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

308.0 Improper Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

308.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

309.0 Workmanship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

309.1 Engineering Practices. . . . . . . . . . . 57

309.2 Concealing Imperfections . . . . . . . . 57

309.3 Installation Practices. . . . . . . . . . . . 57

310.0 Condensate Wastes and Control . . 57

310.1 Condensate Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . 57

310.2 Condensate Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

310.3 Condensate Waste Pipe Material and Sizing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Table 310.3 Minimum Condensate Pipe Size. . . 57

310.4 Appliance Condensate Drains . . . . 58

310.5 Point of Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

310.6 Condensate Waste from

Air-Conditioning Coils . . . . . . . . . . . 58

310.7 Female Plastic Connections . . . . . . 58

311.0 Heating or Cooling Air System . . . . 58

311.1 Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

311.2 Air Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

311.3 Prohibited Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

311.4 Return-Air Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . 58

311.5 California Energy Code Requirements for Residential

Air Filtration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

312.0 Plumbing Connections . . . . . . . . . . 59

312.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

313.0 Hangers, Supports, and Anchors . . 59

313.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

313.2 Material. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

313.3 Suspended Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

313.4 Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

313.5 Underground Installation . . . . . . . . 59

313.6 Hanger Rod Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Table 313.6 Hanger Rod Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

313.7 Gas Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

314.0 Balancing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

314.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

315.0 Louvers in Hurricane Prone

Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

315.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

316.0 Protection of Piping, Tubing, Materials, and Structures . . . . . . . . 59

316.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

316.2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

316.3 Corrosion, Erosion, and Mechanical Damage. . . . . . . . . . . . 59

316.4 Protectively Coated Pipe . . . . . . . . 59

316.5 Fire-Resistant Construction . . . . . . 59

316.6 Steel Nail Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

316.7 Sleeves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

316.8 Firewalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

316.9 Structural Members . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

316.10 Rodentproofing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

316.11 Metal Collars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

317.0 Trenching, Excavation, and

Backfill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

317.1 Trenches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

317.2 Tunneling and Driving. . . . . . . . . . . 60

317.3 Open Trenches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

317.4 Excavations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

318.0 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

318.1 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

318.2 Services/Systems and Utilities . . . . 60

319.0 Steam and Hot-Water Systems . . . 60

319.1 Requirements for Hospitals and Optional Services Provided in Correctional Treatment Centers . . . 60

319.2 Requirements for Skilled Nursing, Intermediate Care Facilities and Basic Services

Provided in Correctional

Treatment Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

320.0 Air Conditioning and Heating Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

320.1 Requirements for Hospitals and Optional Services Provided in Correctional Treatment Centers . . . 61

320.2 Requirements for Skilled Nursing, Intermediate Care Facilities and Basic Services

Provided in Correctional

Treatment Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

320.3 Requirements for Outpatient Facilities and Licensed Clinics. . . . 61

320.4 Telephone and Technology Equipment Centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

320.5 Psychiatric Services. . . . . . . . . . . . 61

321.0 Essential Mechanical Provisions . . . 61

322.0 Sensitive Areas or Rooms . . . . . . . 62

TABLE OF CONTENTS

323.0 Mechanical Equipment

Schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

324.0 Diesel-Powered Emergency

Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

325.0 Alternate Source of Power for

Safe Temperatures. . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Table 303.10.1 Reduction of Clearances with

Specified Forms of Protection . . . . 63

Table 313.3 Hangers and Supports . . . . . . . . . . 65

CHAPTER 4 VENTILATION AIR . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

401.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

401.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

401.2 Indoor Swimming Pools . . . . . . . . . 69

401.3 Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

402.0 Ventilation Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

402.1 Occupiable Spaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

402.2 Natural Ventilation Procedure. . . . . 70

Table Minimum Openable Areas:

402.2.1.6(A)(1) Single Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Table Minimum Openable Areas:

402.2.1.6(A)(2) Two Vertically

Spaced Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

402.3 Mechanical Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . 71

402.4 Outdoor Air Intakes. . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Table 402.4.1 Air Intake Minimum

Separation Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

403.0 Ventilation Rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

403.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

403.2 Zone Calculations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

403.3 Single-Zone Systems . . . . . . . . . . . 73

403.4 One Hundred Percent Outdoor

Air Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

403.5 Multiple-Zone Recirculating Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

403.6 Design for Varying Operating Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

403.7 Exhaust Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

403.8 Dynamic Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

403.9 Air Classification and

Recirculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Table 403.9 Airstreams or Sources

Description Air Class . . . . . . . . . . . 75

403.10 Air Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

404.0 Alternative Procedure for

Multiple-Zone Systems Ventilation Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . 76

404.1 System Ventilation Efficiency . . . . . 76

404.2 Average Outdoor Air Fraction. . . . . 76

404.3 Zone Ventilation Efficiency . . . . . . . 76

405.0 Ventilation for Residential

Occupancies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

405.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

405.2 Ventilation Air Rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

405.3 Bathroom Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

405.4 Kitchen Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

405.5 Ventilation Openings . . . . . . . . . . . 77

406.0 Evaporative Cooling System for Health Care Facilities . . . . . . . . 78

407.0 Ventilation System Details . . . . . . . 78

407.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

407.2 Outdoor Air Intakes and

Exhaust Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

407.3 Air Balance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

407.4 Air Circulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

407.5 Variable Air Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

407.6 Economizers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

407.7 Unoccupied Turndown. . . . . . . . . . 79

407.8 Building Pressurization . . . . . . . . . 80

408.0 Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

408.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

408.2 Filters for Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

408.3 Filters for Skilled Nursing Facilities, Intermediate Care Facilities, and Correctional

Treatment Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

408.4 Filters for Outpatient Facilities . . . . 80

408.5 Filters for Recirculating

Room Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

409.0 Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

410.0 Laboratory Ventilating Systems

and Hoods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

410.1 Laboratory Ventilating Systems . . . 80

410.2 Exhaust Hoods and

Safety Cabinets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

410.3 Laboratory Fume Hoods . . . . . . . . 80

411.0 Kitchen and Dining Areas . . . . . . . 81

412.0 Boiler, Mechanical, and

Electrical Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

413.0 Odorous Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

414.0 Airborne Infection Isolation

Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

414.1 Exhaust Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

414.2 Air Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

415.0 Protective Environment Rooms . . . 82

TABLE OF CONTENTS

415.1 Air Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

416.0 Alarms – Airborne Infection

Isolation Rooms and Protective

Environment Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

417.0 Testing and Balancing Airborne

Infection Isolation Rooms and

Protective Environment Rooms . . . 82

418.0 Design Requirements for Ethylene Oxide (ETO) Sterilization Areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

418.1 Air Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

418.2 Exhaust Requirements . . . . . . . . . . 82

418.3 Ventilation Requirements . . . . . . . . 82

418.4 Gas Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

418.5 Alarm Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

419.0 Neonatal Intensive Care Units . . . . 83

419.1 Formula Preparation Area . . . . . . . 83

419.2 Treatment Area/Room . . . . . . . . . . 83

Table 4-A Pressure Relationship and Ventilation Requirements

for General Acute Care

Hospitals, Skilled Nursing Facilities, Intermediate Care Facilities, Outpatient Facilities, Licensed Clinics, Correctional Treatment Centers, and Acute Psychiatric Hospitals . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Table 4-B Filter Efficiencies for Central

Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Systems In General Acute Care Hospitals, Outpatient Facilities,

Licensed Clinics and Acute

Psychiatric Hospitals . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Table 4-C Filter Efficiencies for Central

Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Systems In Skilled Nursing Facilities, Intermediate Care

Facilities and Correctional

Treatment Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Table 402.1 Minimum Ventilation Rates in

Breathing Zone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Table 403.2.2 Zone Air Distribution Effectiveness. . 95

Table 403.7 Minimum Exhaust Rates. . . . . . . . . 96

CHAPTER 5 EXHAUST SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . 97

501.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

501.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

502.0 Termination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

502.1 Exhaust Opening Protection. . . . . . 99

502.2 Termination of Exhaust Ducts . . . . 99

Part I Environmental Air Ducts and

Product-Conveying Systems . . . . 99

503.0 Motors, Fans, and Filters . . . . . . . . 99

503.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

503.2 Fans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

504.0 Environmental Air Ducts . . . . . . . . . 99

504.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

504.2 Independent Exhaust Systems. . . 100

504.3 Domestic Cooking Exhaust Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

504.4 Clothes Dryers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

504.5 Heat Recovery Ventilation (HRV) and Energy Recovery Ventilation (ERV) Systems . . . . . . 101

505.0 Product-Conveying Systems . . . . 101

505.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

505.2 Incompatible Materials . . . . . . . . . 102

505.3 Flammability Limit. . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

505.4 Air-Moving Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . 102

505.5 Generating Flames, Sparks, or Hot Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

505.6 Fire Dampers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

505.7 Fire Detection, Smoke Control and Alarm Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

505.8 Product-Conveying Duct Classifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

505.9 Minimum Velocities and

Circulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

505.10 Makeup Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

505.11 Hoods and Enclosures . . . . . . . . . 103

505.12 Pharmacies – Compounding Area of Parenteral Solutions . . . . 103

506.0 Product-Conveying Ducts. . . . . . . 103

506.1 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Table 505.9 Range of Minimum Duct Design Velocities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Table 506.2(1) Minimum Sheet Metal Thickness for Round Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

506.2 Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

Table 506.2(2) Minimum Sheet Metal Thickness for Rectangular Ducts. . . . . . . . . . 106

506.3 Penetrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

506.4 Condensate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

506.5 Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

506.6 Explosion Venting. . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

506.7 Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

506.8 Fire Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

506.9 Protection from Physical Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

TABLE OF CONTENTS

506.10 Duct Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Table 506.10.4 Basic Minimum Clearances to

Unprotected Surfaces. . . . . . . . . . 107

506.11 Clearance Reduction Methods . . . 108

Table 506.11 Reduction of Duct Clearance with

Specified Forms of Protection . . . 108

Part II Commercial Hoods and

Kitchen Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . 109

507.0 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . 109

507.1 Exhaust Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

507.2 Type I Hood Exhaust System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

507.3 Listed Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

507.4 Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

507.5 Drawings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

507.6 Notification of Change . . . . . . . . . 111

507.7 Pharmaceutical Compounding Exhaust Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

508.0 Type I Hoods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

508.1 Where Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

508.2 Listed Type I Hood Assemblies . . 111

508.3 Construction of Type I Hoods . . . . 111

508.4 Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

508.5 Hood Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

Table 508.5.1.2 Extra-Heavy-Duty Cooking Appliance Airflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Table 508.5.1.3 Heavy-Duty Cooking Appliance

Airflow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Table 508.5.1.4 Medium-Duty Cooking Appliance

Airflow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Table 508.5.1.5 Light-Duty Cooking Appliance

Airflow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

508.6 Solid-Fuel Hood Assemblies . . . . 114

508.7 Exhaust Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

509.0 Grease Removal Devices in

Hoods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

509.1 Grease Removal Devices. . . . . . . 114

509.2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

509.3 Solid-Fuel Grease Removal

Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

510.0 Exhaust Duct Systems . . . . . . . . . 115

510.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

510.2 Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

510.3 Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

510.4 Listed Grease Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . 116

510.5 Other Grease Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . 116

510.6 Exterior Installations . . . . . . . . . . . 117

510.7 Interior Installations . . . . . . . . . . . 118

510.8 Underground Installations. . . . . . . 118

510.9 Termination of Type I Hood Exhaust System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

510.10 Solid-Fuel Duct Systems . . . . . . . 120

511.0 Air Movement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

511.1 Exhaust Fans for Commercial

Cooking Operations . . . . . . . . . . . 120

511.2 Airflow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

511.3 Makeup Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

511.4 Common Duct (Manifold) Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

511.5 Solid-Fuel Air Movement

Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

512.0 Auxiliary Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . 122

512.1 Dampers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

512.2 Electrical Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . 122

512.3 Other Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

512.4 Solid-Fuel Auxiliary Equipment. . . 123

513.0 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment. . . . 123

513.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

513.2 Types of Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . 123

513.3 Simultaneous Operation . . . . . . . . 124

513.4 Fuel and Electric Power Shutoff . . 125

513.5 Manual Actuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

513.6 System Annunciation . . . . . . . . . . 125

513.7 Special Design and Application . . 125

513.8 Review and Certification. . . . . . . . 125

513.9 Installation Requirements . . . . . . . 125

513.10 Portable Fire Extinguishers . . . . . 125

513.11 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

513.12 Solid-Fuel Fire-Extinguishing Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

514.0 Procedures for the Use, Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Equipment. . . . . . 126

514.1 Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . 126

514.2 Inspection, Testing and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

514.3 Inspection for Grease Buildup . . . 126

Table 514.3 Schedule of Inspection for Grease Buildup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

514.4 Cleaning of Exhaust Systems. . . . 126

514.5 Cooking Equipment Maintenance . 127

515.0 Minimum Safety Requirements for Cooking Equipment . . . . . . . . . 127

515.1 Cooking Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . 127

515.2 Operating Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

TABLE OF CONTENTS

516.0 Recirculating Systems . . . . . . . . . 128

516.1 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . 128

516.2 Design Restrictions. . . . . . . . . . . . 128

516.3 Interlocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

516.4 Location and Application Restrictions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

516.5 Additional Fire Safety Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

516.6 Use and Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . 129

517.0 Solid-Fuel Cooking Operations. . . 129

517.1 Venting Application. . . . . . . . . . . . 129

517.2 Location of Appliances . . . . . . . . . 130

517.3 Hoods for Solid-Fuel Cooking. . . . 130

517.4 Exhaust Systems for Solid-Fuel Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

517.5 Grease Removal Devices

for Solid-Fuel Cooking . . . . . . . . . 130

517.6 Air Movement for Solid-Fuel

Cooking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

517.7 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment for Solid-Fuel Cooking . . . . . . . . . 131

517.8 Other Safety Requirements . . . . . 131

518.0 Downdraft Appliances. . . . . . . . . . 131

518.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

518.2 Ventilation System . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

518.3 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment. . . . 132

518.4 Airflow Switch or Transducer . . . . 132

518.5 Surface Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

519.0 Type II Hood Exhaust System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

519.1 Where Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

519.2 Construction of Type II Hoods . . . 132

519.3 Type II Hood Exhaust System Net Airflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

519.4 Type II Exhaust Duct Systems . . . 132

519.5 Termination of Type II Hood Exhaust System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

519.6 Makeup Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

519.7 Independent Exhaust Duct System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

CHAPTER 6 DUCT SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

601.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

601.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

601.2 Sizing Requirements . . . . . . . . . . 137

602.0 Material. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

602.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

602.2 Combustibles Within Ducts or

Plenums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

602.3 Tall Wood (Mass Timber) Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

602.4 Metallic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

602.5 Nonmetallic Ducts. . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

602.6 Vibration Isolators. . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

602.7 Corridors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

603.0 Installation of Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . 138

603.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

603.2 Under-Floor or Crawl Space. . . . . 138

603.3 Metal Ducts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

603.4 Flexible Air Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

603.5 Plastic Ducts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

603.6 Protection of Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

603.7 Support of Ducts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

603.8 Protection Against Flood Damage . 139

603.9 Joints and Seams of Ducts. . . . . . 139

Table 603.9.1 Closure Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

603.10 Cross Contamination . . . . . . . . . . 140

603.11 Underground Installation . . . . . . . 140

603.12 Air Dispersion Systems . . . . . . . . 140

603.13 Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

604.0 Furnace Plenums and Air Ducts

Used in Fuel-Gas Appliances . . . . 141

604.1 Furnace Plenums and Air Ducts. . 141

604.2 Supplied as a Part of Furnace . . . 141

604.3 Not Supplied with the Furnace . . . 141

604.4 Return Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

605.0 Insulation of Ducts . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

605.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

606.0 Smoke Dampers, Fire Dampers, and Ceiling Dampers . . . . . . . . . . 142

606.1 Smoke Dampers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

606.2 Fire Dampers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

606.3 Ceiling Radiation Dampers. . . . . . 142

606.4 Combination Fire/Smoke

Dampers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

606.5 Corridor Dampers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

606.6 Periodic Testing and Inspection . . 142

606.7 Multiple Arrangements . . . . . . . . . 142

606.8 Access and Identification . . . . . . . 142

606.9 Freedom from Interference. . . . . . 142

606.10 Temperature Classification of Operating Elements . . . . . . . . . 142

607.0 Ventilating Ceilings . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

607.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

607.2 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

608.0 Use of Under-Floor Space as Supply Plenum for Dwelling Units. . 143

TABLE OF CONTENTS

608.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.2 Dwelling Units. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.3 Enclosed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.4 Flammable Materials . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.5 Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.6 Automatic Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.7 Temperature Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.8 Noncombustible Receptacle. . . . . 143

608.9 Floor Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.10 Exterior Wall and Interior Stud

Partitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.11 Wall Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.12 Distance from Combustible . . . . . 143

608.13 Vapor Barrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

608.14 Prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

609.0 Automatic Shutoffs . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

609.1 Air-Moving Systems and Smoke Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

609.2 Air-Moving Systems and Smoke Detectors in Group I-2 Occupancies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

CHAPTER 7 COMBUSTION AIR . . . . . . . . . . . 145

701.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

701.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

701.2 Pressure Difference . . . . . . . . . . . 147

701.3 Makeup Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

701.4 Indoor Combustion Air . . . . . . . . . 147

701.5 Indoor Opening Size and Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

701.6 Outdoor Combustion Air . . . . . . . . 147

701.7 Combination Indoor and Outdoor

Combustion Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

701.8 Engineered Installations . . . . . . . . 149

701.9 Mechanical Combustion Air

Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

701.10 Louvers, Grilles, and Screens . . . 149

701.11 Combustion Air Ducts. . . . . . . . . . 150

701.12 Dampers Prohibited . . . . . . . . . . . 150

702.0 Extra Device or Attachment . . . . . 150

702.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

CHAPTER 8 CHIMNEYS AND VENTS. . . . . . . 151

801.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

801.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

801.2 Venting of Gas Appliances . . . . . . 153

801.3 Appliances Fueled by Other Fuels. 153

802.0 Venting of Appliances. . . . . . . . . . 153

802.1 Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

802.2 Connection to Venting Systems . . 153

802.3 Minimum Safe Performance . . . . . 153

802.4 Type of Venting System to be Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

802.5 Masonry, Metal, and Factory-Built Chimneys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Table 802.4 Type of Venting System to be Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

802.6 Gas Vents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Table 802.6.1 Roof Slope Heights. . . . . . . . . . . . 158

802.7 Single-Wall Metal Pipe . . . . . . . . . 159

Table 802.7.3.3 Clearance for Connectors. . . . . . . 160

802.8 Through-the-Wall Vent Termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

802.9 Condensation Drain . . . . . . . . . . . 160

802.10 Vent Connectors for Category I Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Table 802.10.1.3 Minimum Thickness for Galvanized

Steel Vent Connectors for Low Heat Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Table 802.10.1.4 Minimum Thickness for Steel

Vent Connectors for Medium Heat Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Table 802.8.1 Through-the-Wall Direct Vent Termination Clearances . . . . . . . . 162

802.11 Vent Connectors for Category II, Category III, and Category IV Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

802.12 Appliances Requiring Draft Hoods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

802.13 Manually Operated Dampers . . . . 165

802.14 Automatically Operated Vent Dampers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

802.15 Obstruction of Flow. . . . . . . . . . . . 165

803.0 Sizing of Category I Venting Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

803.1 Additional Requirements to Single Appliance Vent . . . . . . . . . 165

803.2 Additional Requirements to Multiple-Appliance Vent.. . . . . . . . 167

Table 803.2.1 Vent Connector Maximum

Length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Table 803.1.2(1) Type B Double-Wall Gas Vent . . . 172

Table 803.1.2(2) Type B Double-Wall Gas Vent . . . 175

Table 803.1.2(3) Masonry Chimney. . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Table 803.1.2(4) Masonry Chimney. . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

Table 803.1.2(5) Single-Wall Metal Pipe or Type B Asbestos-Cement Vent. . . . . . . . . 181

Table 803.1.2(6) Exterior Masonry Chimney . . . . . . 182

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table 803.2(1) Type B Double-Wall Vent . . . . . . 183

Table 803.2(2) Type B Double-Wall Vent . . . . . . . 187

Table 803.2(3) Masonry Chimney. . . . . . . . . . . . . 189

Table 803.2(4) Masonry Chimney. . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

Table 803.2(5) Single-Wall Metal Pipe or Type B Asbestos-Cement Vent . . . 193

Table 803.2(6) Exterior Masonry Chimney . . . . . . 193

Table 803.2(7) Exterior Masonry Chimney . . . . . . 194

Table 803.2(8) Exterior Masonry Chimney . . . . . . 195

Table 803.2(9) Exterior Masonry Chimney . . . . . . 196

CHAPTER 9 INSTALLATION OF

SPECIFIC APPLIANCES. . . . . . . 197

901.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

901.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

902.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

902.1 Nonindustrial Appliances . . . . . . . 199

902.2 Combustion Air from Bedroom

or Bathroom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

902.3 Added or Converted Appliances. . 199

902.4 Type of Gas(es) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

902.5 Safety Shutoff Devices for Unlisted LP-Gas Appliances Used Indoors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

902.6 Fuel Input Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

902.7 Use of Air or Oxygen Under Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

902.8 Appliance Support . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

902.9 Flammable Vapors . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

902.10 Solid-Fuel-Burning Appliances . . . 199

902.11 Combination of Appliances and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

902.12 Protection of Gas Appliances from Fumes or Gases Other

than Products of Combustion . . . . 199

902.13 Process Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

902.14 Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

902.15 Bleed Lines for Diaphragm-Type Valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

903.0 Air-Conditioning Appliances . . . . . 200

903.1 Electric Air Conditioners . . . . . . . . 200

903.2 Gas-Fired Air Conditioners

and Heat Pumps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

903.3 Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

904.0 Central Heating Boilers and Furnaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

904.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

904.2 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

904.3 Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

904.4 Assembly and Installation. . . . . . . 201

904.5 Temperature or Pressure Limiting Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

904.6 Low-Water Cutoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

904.7 Steam Safety and Pressure Relief Valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

904.8 Refrigeration Coils . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

904.9 Cooling Units Used with Heating Boilers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

904.10 Furnace (Upright and Horizontal) . . 202

Table 904.3.2 Clearances to Combustible

Material for Unlisted Furnaces

and Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202

904.11 Solid-Fuel-Fired Furnaces . . . . . . 203

904.12 Oil-Fired Central Furnaces . . . . . . 203

904.13 Commercial or Industrial

Gas Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

904.14 Electric Central Furnaces . . . . . . . 203

905.0 Duct Furnaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

905.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

905.2 Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

905.3 Installation of Duct Furnaces. . . . . 203

905.4 Access Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

905.5 Location of Draft Hoods

and Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

905.6 Circulating Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

905.7 Duct Furnaces Used with

Refrigeration Systems . . . . . . . . . 203

905.8 Installation in Commercial

Garages and Aircraft Hangars . . . 203

905.9 Electric Duct Heaters . . . . . . . . . . 203

906.0 Floor Furnaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

906.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

906.2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

906.3 Temperature Limit Controls . . . . . 204

906.4 Combustion and Circulating Air. . . 204

906.5 Placement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

906.6 Bracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

906.7 Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

906.8 Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

906.9 Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

906.10 Seepage Pan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

906.11 Wind Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

906.12 Upper Floor Installations. . . . . . . . 204

906.13 First Floor Installation . . . . . . . . . . 204

906.14 Oil-Fired Floor Furnaces. . . . . . . . 204

TABLE OF CONTENTS

907.0 Wall Furnaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

907.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

907.2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

907.3 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

907.4 Combustion and Circulating Air . . 205

907.5 Oil-Fired Wall Furnaces . . . . . . . . 205

908.0 Clothes Dryers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

908.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

908.2 Electric Clothes Dryers . . . . . . . . . 205

908.3 Gas-Fired Clothes Dryers. . . . . . . 205

909.0 Conversion Burners . . . . . . . . . . . 205

909.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

910.0 Burner Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

910.1 Oil Burners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

910.2 Gas Burners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

911.0 Decorative Appliances for Installation in Vented Fireplaces. . . 206

911.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

911.2 Prohibited Installations . . . . . . . . . 206

911.3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

911.4 Fireplace Screens. . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

912.0 Gas Fireplaces, Vented . . . . . . . . 206

912.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

912.2 Reserved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

912.3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

912.4 Combustion and Circulating Air . . . 206

913.0 Factory-Built Fireplaces and Fireplace Stoves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

913.1 Factory-Built Fireplaces . . . . . . . . 206

913.2 Fireplace Stoves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

913.3 Fireplace Accessories . . . . . . . . . 206

914.0 Non-Recirculating Direct Gas-Fired Industrial Air Heaters. . . 206

914.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

914.2 Prohibited Installations . . . . . . . . . 206

914.3 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

914.4 Clearance from Combustible

Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

914.5 Air Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

914.6 Atmospheric Vents, Gas Reliefs, or Bleeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

914.7 Relief Openings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

914.8 Purging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

915.0 Room Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

915.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

915.2 Electric Room Heaters . . . . . . . . . 207

915.3 Gas-Fired Room Heaters . . . . . . . 207

915.4 Solid-Fuel Type Room Heaters . . 208

916.0 Unit Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

916.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

916.2 Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

916.3 Clearance for Suspended-Type Unit Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

916.4 Combustion and Circulating Air. . . 208

916.5 Ductwork. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

916.6 Installation in Commercial

Garages and Aircraft Hangars . . . 208

916.7 Oil-Fired Unit Heaters. . . . . . . . . . 208

917.0 Food Service Appliance, FloorMounted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

917.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

917.2 Clearance for Listed Appliances. . . 208

917.3 Mounting on Combustible Floors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208

917.4 Installation on Noncombustible

Floors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

917.5 Combustible Material

Adjacent to Cooking Top . . . . . . . 209

917.6 Use with Casters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

917.7 Level Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

917.8 Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

918.0 Food Service Appliances, Counter Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . 209

918.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

918.2 Vertical Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

918.3 Clearance for Listed Appliances. . . 209

918.4 Clearance for Unlisted

Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

919.0 Household Cooking Appliances. . . 209

919.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

919.2 Electric Household Cooking Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

919.3 Gas-Fired Household Cooking Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

919.4 Floor-Mounted Units . . . . . . . . . . . 210

919.5 Built-In Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

919.6 Level Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

920.0 Cooking Appliance Listings . . . . . 210

920.1 Commercial Electric Ranges . . . . 210

920.2 Commercial Wood-Fired

Baking Ovens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

920.3 Oil-Burning Ranges . . . . . . . . . . . 210

921.0 Open-Top Broiler Units. . . . . . . . . 210

921.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

921.2 Protection Above Domestic Units. . 210

TABLE OF CONTENTS

921.3 Commercial Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

922.0 Outdoor Cooking Appliances . . . . 210

922.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210

923.0 Illuminating Appliances. . . . . . . . . 211

923.1 Clearances for Listed Appliances. . 211

923.2 Clearances for Unlisted

Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Table 923.2.1 Clearances for Unlisted Outdoor

Open-Flame Illuminating Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

923.3 Mounting on Buildings . . . . . . . . . 211

923.4 Mounting on Posts . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

923.5 Appliance Pressure Regulators . . . 211

924.0 Incinerators and Crematories . . . . 211

924.1 Field Constructed Commercial Industrial Incinerators . . . . . . . . . . 211

924.2 Factory-Built Commercial Crematories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

924.3 Residential Incinerators . . . . . . . . 211

925.0 Infrared Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

925.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

925.2 Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

925.3 Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

925.4 Combustion and Ventilation Air . . . 212

925.5 Installation in Commercial

Garages and Aircraft Hangars . . . 212

925.6 Electric Radiant Heaters. . . . . . . . 212

926.0 Pool Heaters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

926.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

926.2 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

926.3 Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

926.4 Temperature or PressureLimiting Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

926.5 Bypass Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

926.6 Venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

927.0 Refrigerators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

927.1 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

927.2 Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

927.3 Venting or Ventilating Kits Approved for Use with a Refrigerator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

928.0 Gas-Fired Toilets . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

928.1 Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

928.2 Installation on Combustible

Floors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

928.3 Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

929.0 Appliances for Installation in Manufactured Housing . . . . . . . 212

929.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

930.0 Small Ceramic Kilns . . . . . . . . . . . 212

930.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

930.2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

930.3 Fuel-Gas Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

930.4 Electrical Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . 212

930.5 Installations Inside Buildings . . . . 213

930.6 Exterior Installations . . . . . . . . . . . 213

931.0 Outdoor Open Flame Decorative Appliances . . . . . . . . . 213

931.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

932.0 Evaporative Cooling Systems. . . . 213

932.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

932.2 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

932.3 Access, Inspection, and Repair. . . 213

932.4 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

933.0 Refrigeration Appliances . . . . . . . 213

933.1 Self-Contained Refrigerators and Freezers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

933.2 Unit Coolers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

933.3 Self-Contained Mechanical

Refrigeration Systems . . . . . . . . . 214

934.0 Ductless Mini-Split Systems Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

934.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

935.0 Air Filter Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . 214

935.1 Electrostatic Air Cleaners . . . . . . . 214

935.2 High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filter Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

936.0 Gaseous Hydrogen Systems . . . . 214

936.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

937.0 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Vehicular Fuel Systems . . . . . . . . 214

937.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

938.0 Dehumidifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

938.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

939.0 Sauna Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

939.1 Electric Sauna Heaters. . . . . . . . . 214

CHAPTER 10 BOILERS AND

PRESSURE VESSELS . . . . . . . . 215

1001.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

1001.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

1001.2 Boiler Rooms and Enclosures . . . 217

1001.3 Air for Combustion

and Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

1001.4 Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

1001.5 Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1001.6 Chimneys or Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

1002.0 Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

1002.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

1002.2 Oil-Burning Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

1002.3 Electric Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

1002.4 Solid-Fuel-Fired Boilers . . . . . . . . 217

1002.5 Dual Purpose Water Heaters . . . . 217

1003.0 Detailed Requirements . . . . . . . . . 218

1003.1 Safety Requirements . . . . . . . . . . 218

1003.2 Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

1003.3 Gauges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

1003.4 Stack Dampers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

1003.5 Welding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

1004.0 Expansion Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

1004.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

1004.2 Open-Type Expansion Tanks . . . . 218

1004.3 Closed-Type Systems . . . . . . . . . 218

1004.4 Minimum Capacity of ClosedType Tank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218

Table 1004.4(1) Expansion Tank Capacities for Gravity Hot Water Systems . . . . . 219

Table 1004.4(2) Expansion Tank Capacities for Forced Hot Water Systems . . . . . 219

1005.0 Safety or Relief Valve Discharge . . 219

1005.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

1005.2 Discharge Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

1005.3 Splash Shield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

1005.4 Hazardous Discharge . . . . . . . . . . 219

1005.5 Vacuum Relief Valve . . . . . . . . . . 219

1006.0 Shutoff Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

1006.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

1007.0 Gas-Pressure Regulators . . . . . . . 219

1007.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

1008.0 Low-Water Cutoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1008.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1009.0 Combustion Regulators Safety Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1009.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1010.0 Clearance for Access . . . . . . . . . . 220

1010.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1010.2 Power Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1010.3 Steam-Heating Boilers, Hot Water Boilers, and Power Boilers. . 220

1010.4 Package Boilers, Steam-Heating Boilers, and Hot-Water-Heating Boilers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1011.0 Boilers, Stokers, and Steam

Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1011.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1012.0 Operating Adjustments and Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1012.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1013.0 Inspections and Tests. . . . . . . . . . 220

1013.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

1013.2 Operating Permit . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

1013.3 Maintenance Inspection . . . . . . . . 221

1013.4 Power and Miniature Boilers. . . . . 221

1013.5 Steam-Heating and WaterHeating Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

1013.6 Automatic Steam-Heating Boilers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

1013.7 Unfired Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . 221

1014.0 Operation and Maintenance of

Boilers and Pressure Vessels. . . . 221

1014.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Table 1003.2.1 Controls and Limit Devices for

Automatic Boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

CHAPTER 11 REFRIGERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

1101.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

1101.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

1101.2 Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

Part I Refrigeration Systems . . . . . . . . 227

1102.0 Refrigeration Systems . . . . . . . . . 227

1102.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

1102.2 Ammonia Refrigeration Systems . . 227

1102.3 Refrigerants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

1103.0 Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

1103.1 Classification of Refrigerants . . . . 227

Table 1103.1.1 Refrigerant Safety Group Classifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

1103.2 Classification of Refrigeration Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

1103.3 Higher Flammability Refrigerants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

1104.0 Requirements for Refrigerant and Refrigeration System Use . . . 227

1104.1 System Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

1104.2 Refrigerant Concentration Limit (RCL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

Table 1104.1 Permissible Refrigeration Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

1104.3 Institutional Occupancies . . . . . . . 229

1104.4 Industrial Occupancies and Refrigerated Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . 229

1104.5 Flammable Refrigerants . . . . . . . . 229

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1104.6 Group A2L Refrigerants for Human Comfort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

110.4.7 Applications for Human Comfort and for Nonindustrial

Occupancies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230

1104.8 Refrigerant Type and Purity . . . . . 230

1104.9 Changing Refrigerants . . . . . . . . . 231

1105.0 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . 231

1105.1 Human Comfort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

1105.2 Supports and Anchorage . . . . . . . 231

1105.3 Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

1105.4 Illumination and Service

Receptacles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

1105.5 Ventilation of Rooms

Containing Condensing Units . . . . 231

1105.6 Prohibited Locations . . . . . . . . . . . 232

1105.7 Condensate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

1105.8 Defrost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

1105.9 Overflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

1105.10 Condensate, Defrost, and Overflow Disposal. . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

1105.11 Refrigerant Port Protection . . . . . . 232

1105.12 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

1106.0 Refrigeration Machinery Rooms . . 232

1106.1 Where Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

1106.2 Refrigeration Machinery Room, General Requirements . . . . . . . . . 232

1106.3 Normal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

1106.4 Natural Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

1106.5 Combustion Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

1106.6 Ventilation Intake . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

1106.7 Maximum Temperature . . . . . . . . 234

1106.8 Refrigerant Parts in Air Duct. . . . . 234

1106.9 Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

1106.10 Exits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

1106.11 Machinery Room, A2L and B2L . . 234

Table 1106.11.10.2 Refrigerant Detector Set Points, Response Times, Alarms, and Ventilation Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

Table 1106.11.11.2 Level 1 Ventilation Rate for

Class 2L Refrigerants . . . . . . . . . . . 236

1107.0 Machinery Room, Special Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

1107.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236

1108.0 Refrigeration Machinery Room Equipment and Controls . . . . . . . . 237

1108.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

1108.2 Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

1108.3 Emergency Shutoff . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

1108.4 Installation, Maintenance, and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

1108.5 Emergency Pressure Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

1109.0 Refrigeration Piping, Containers, and Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

1109.1 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

Table 1109.1 Materials for Refrigerant Piping, Tubing, and Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . 239

1109.2 Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

1109.3 Penetration of Piping . . . . . . . . . . 239

1109.4 Location of Refrigeration Piping . . 239

1109.5 Underground Piping . . . . . . . . . . . 239

1109.6 Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

1109.7 Pipe Enclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

1109.8 Visual Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1109.9 Condensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1109.10 Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1110.0 Valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1110.1 More than 6.6 Pounds of

Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1110.2 More than 110 Pounds of

Refrigerant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1110.3 Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1110.4 Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1110.5 Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1111.0 Pressure-Limiting Devices . . . . . . 240

1111.1 Where Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1111.2 Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1111.3 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1111.4 Emergency Stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

1112.0 Pressure-Relief Devices . . . . . . . . 241

1112.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

1112.2 Positive Displacement Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

1112.3 Liquid-Containing Portions of Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

1112.4 Evaporators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

1112.5 Hydrostatic Expansion . . . . . . . . . 241

1112.6 Actuation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242

1112.7 Stop Valves Prohibited . . . . . . . . . 242

1112.8 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242

1112.9 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242

1112.10 Pressure-Relief Valve Setting . . . . 242

1112.11 Discharge from Pressure-Relief Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242

1112.12 Discharge Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243

Table 1112.12.4 Atmospheric Pressure at Nominal

Installation Elevation. . . . . . . . . . . 244

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1112.13 Rating of Pressure-Relief Device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244

1112.14 Rating of Rupture Members and Fusible Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244

1113.0 Overpressure Protection. . . . . . . . 244

1113.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244

1113.2 Type of Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1113.3 Discharging into Lowside of System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1113.4 Parallel Pressure-Relief Devices . . 245

1113.5 Discharge Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1113.6 Three-Way Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1114.0 Special Discharge Requirements. . 245

1114.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1114.2 Design Requirements . . . . . . . . . . 245

1114.3 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1115.0 Labeling and Identification . . . . . . 245

1115.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1115.2 Volume and Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1115.3 Permanent Sign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1115.4 Marking of Pressure-Relief Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1115.5 Nameplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

1116.0 Testing of Refrigeration Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

1116.1 Factory Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

1116.2 Field Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

1116.3 Test Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

1116.4 Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

1116.5 Brine Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1117.0 Refrigerant-Containing Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1117.1 Inside Dimensions 6 Inches

or Less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1117.2 Inside Dimensions More than

6 Inches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1117.3 Pressure Vessels for 15 psig or Less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1118.0 Maintenance and Operation . . . . . 247

1118.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

Part II Cooling Towers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1119.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1119.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1120.0 Support and Anchorage . . . . . . . . 247

1120.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1121.0 Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1121.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1122.0 Chemical Treatment Systems . . . 247

1122.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1122.2 Automated Control of Cycles of Concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1123.0 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1123.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1124.0 Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1124.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1125.0 Refrigerants and Hazardous

Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1125.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247

1126.0 Drift Eliminators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

1126.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

1127.0 Water Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

1127.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

Table 1102.3 Refrigerant Groups, Properties, and Allowable Quantities . . . . . . . 249

CHAPTER 12 HYDRONICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

1201.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1201.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1201.2 Insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1201.3 Water Hammer Protection . . . . . . 257

1201.4 Terminal Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1201.5 Return-Water Low-Temperature

Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1201.6 Heat Transfer Fluid Quality. . . . . . 257

1201.7 Heat Emitters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1201.8 Mechanical Devices . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1201.9 Flexible Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1201.10 Freeze Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

Table 1201.10 Percent Glycol Mixtures . . . . . . . . 257

1202.0 Protection of Potable Water

Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1202.1 Prohibited Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1202.2 Chemical Injection . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

1202.3 Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

1203.0 Capacity of Heat Source. . . . . . . . 258

1203.1 Heat Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

1203.2 Dual Purpose Water Heaters . . . . 258

Table 1203.2 Water Heaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

1203.3 Tankless Water Heaters . . . . . . . 258

1204.0 Identification of Potable and

Nonpotable Water Systems . . . . . 258

1204.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

1204.2 Color and Information . . . . . . . . . . 258

1204.3 Potable Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

1204.4 Nonpotable Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table 1204.3 Minimum Length of Color Field and Size of Letters. . . . . . . . 258

1204.5 Location of Piping Identification . . . 258

1204.6 Flow Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

1204.7 Heat Transfer Fluid. . . . . . . . . . . . 258

1204.8 Identification of Chemical

Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

1205.0 Installation, Testing, and Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

1205.1 Operating Instructions . . . . . . . . . 258

1205.2 Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258

1205.3 Flushing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

1206.0 Pressure and Safety Devices . . . . 259

1206.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

1206.2 Discharge Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

1207.0 Heating Appliances and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

1207.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

1207.2 Boilers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

1207.3 Dual Purpose Water Heaters . . . . 259

1207.4 Solar Heat Collector Systems. . . . 259

1207.5 Heat Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

1208.0 Circulators and Pumps . . . . . . . . . 259

1208.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

1208.2 Mounting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

1208.3 Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

1209.0 Expansion Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

1209.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

1209.2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

1209.3 Closed-Type Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . 260

1209.4 Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

1210.0 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

1210.1 Piping, Tubing, and Fittings . . . . . 260

1210.2 Expansion and Contraction . . . . . . 260

1210.3 Hangers and Supports . . . . . . . . . 260

1210.4 Oxygen Diffusion Corrosion . . . . . 260

1211.0 Joints and Connections . . . . . . . . 260

1211.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

1211.2 Pipe Bends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Table 1210.1 Materials for Hydronic System Piping, Tubing, and Fittings . . . . . 261

Table 1211.2.2 Minimum Bend Radius

for PE Pipe Installed in Open Cut Trench . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

1211.3 Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

1211.4 CPVC/AL/CPVC Plastic Pipe and Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

1211.5 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe and Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

1211.6 Crossed-Linked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

1211.7 Cross-Linked Polyethylene/ Aluminum/Cross-Linked

Polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) Pipe. . 263

1211.8 Ductile Iron Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263

1211.9 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe/Tubing. . . . . . . . . . . . 263

1211.10 Polyethylene/Aluminum/ Polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) . . . . . . . 264

1211.11 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT). . . . . . . . . . 264

1211.12 Polypropylene (PP) Pipe. . . . . . . . 264

1211.13 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe . . . 264

1211.14 Steel Pipe and Tubing . . . . . . . . . 265

1211.15 Stainless Steel Pipe and Joints. . . 265

1211.16 Joints Between Various Materials. . 265

1212.0 Valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1212.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1212.2 Where Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1212.3 Heat Exchanger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1212.4 Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1212.5 Pressure Reducing Valves . . . . . . 265

1212.6 Equipment, Components, and Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1212.7 Expansion Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1212.8 Flow Balancing Valves . . . . . . . . . 265

1212.9 Mixing or Temperature Control Valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1212.10 Thermosiphoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1212.11 Air Removal Device or Air Vents . . 265

1212.12 District Energy and Central Utility Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1213.0 System Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

1213.1 Water Temperature Controls . . . . 265

1213.2 Operating Steam Controls . . . . . . 266

1213.3 Occupied Spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

1213.4 Simultaneous Operation . . . . . . . . 266

1213.5 Temperature Reading. . . . . . . . . . 266

1214.0 Pressure and Flow Controls . . . . . 266

1214.1 Balancing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

1214.2 Low-Water Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

1214.3 Flow-Sensing Devices . . . . . . . . . 266

1214.4 Automatic Makeup Fluid . . . . . . . . 266

1214.5 Differential Pressure Regulation. . . 266

1214.6 Air-Removal Device . . . . . . . . . . . 266

1214.7 Air-Separation Device. . . . . . . . . . 266

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1214.8 Secondary Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

1215.0 Hydronic Space Heating. . . . . . . . 266

1215.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

1215.2 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

1215.3 Balancing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

1215.4 Heat Transfer Fluid. . . . . . . . . . . . 267

1216.0 Steam Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

1216.1 Steam Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

1216.2 Sloping for Two-Pipe System . . . . 267

1216.3 Sloping for One-Pipe System . . . . 267

1216.4 Automatic Air Vents . . . . . . . . . . . 267

1216.5 Condensate Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

1216.6 Steam-Distribution Piping . . . . . . . 267

1217.0 Radiant Heating and Cooling . . . . 267

1217.1 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

1217.2 Radiant Under-Floor Heating . . . . 267

1217.3 Radiant Cooling Systems . . . . . . . 267

1217.4 Chilled Water

Supply/Distribution Piping . . . . . . . 267

1217.5 Tube Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

1217.6 Tube Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Table 1217.6 Maximum Length of Continuous Tubing from a Supply-and-Return Manifold Arrangement . . . . . . . . . 267

1217.7 Tube Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

1217.8 Poured Floor Structural Concrete

Slab Systems (Thermal Mass) . . . 268

1217.9 Joist Systems and Subfloors . . . . 268

1217.10 Wall and Ceiling Panels . . . . . . . . 268

1217.11 Radiant Heating and Cooling

Panels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

1218.0 Heat Exchangers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

1218.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

1219.0 Indirect-Fired Domestic

Hot-Water Storage Tanks. . . . . . . 269

1219.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

1220.0 Snow and Ice Melt Systems . . . . . 269

1220.1 Use of Chemical Additives

and Corrosive Fluids. . . . . . . . . . . 269

1220.2 Types of Tube Fasteners . . . . . . . 269

1220.3 Spacing of Tube Fasteners . . . . . 269

1220.4 Snow and Ice Melt Controls . . . . . 269

Table 1220.4.2 Maximum Loop Lengths for Snow and Ice Melt Systems . . . . . 270

1220.5 Hydronic Makeup Air Units . . . . . . 270

1221.0 Piping Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

1221.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

1221.2 Embedded Piping Materials and Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

1221.3 Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

1221.4 System Drainage . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

1221.5 Condensate Drainage. . . . . . . . . . 271

1221.6 Hydronic Fluid Disposal . . . . . . . . 271

1221.7 Clearance to Combustibles . . . . . 271

CHAPTER 13 FUEL GAS PIPING . . . . . . . . . . . 273

1301.0 Scope of Gas Piping . . . . . . . . . . 275

1301.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275

1302.0 Coverage of Piping System . . . . . 275

1302.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275

1302.2 Piping System Requirements . . . . 275

1302.3 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275

1303.0 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275

1303.1 Inspection Notification . . . . . . . . . 275

1303.2 Excavation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275

1303.3 Type of Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . 275

1303.4 Inspection Waived . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

1304.0 Certificate of Inspection . . . . . . . . 276

1304.1 Issuance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

1304.2 Gas Supplier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

1304.3 Unlawful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

1305.0 Authority to Render Gas Service . . 276

1305.1 Authorized Personnel . . . . . . . . . . 276

1305.2 Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

1306.0 Authority to Disconnect. . . . . . . . . 276

1306.1 Disconnection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

1306.2 Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

1306.3 Capped Outlets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

1307.0 Temporary Use of Gas . . . . . . . . . 276

1307.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

1308.0 Gas Piping System Design, Materials, and Components . . . . . 276

1308.1 Installation of Piping System . . . . 276

1308.2 Interconnections Supplying Separate Users. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

1308.3 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems . . . 277

1308.4 Acceptable Piping Materials and Joining Methods . . . . . . . . . . 277

Table 1308.3.1 Approximate Gas Input for Typical Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . 277

Table 1308.4.6.2 Specifications for Threading Metallic Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278

1308.5 Gas Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

1308.6 Gas Pressure Regulators . . . . . . . 280

1308.7 Overpressure Protection. . . . . . . . 281

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1308.8 Pressure Limitation

Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

1308.9 Overpressure Protection Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

1308.10 Backpressure Protection . . . . . . . 282

1308.11 Low-Pressure Protection . . . . . . . 282

1308.12 Shutoff Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282

Table 1308.12 Manual Gas Valve Standards. . . . 282

1308.13 Expansion and Flexibility . . . . . . . 282

1308.14 Pressure Regulator and Pressure Control Venting . . . . . . . 282

1309.0 Excess Flow Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

1309.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

1310.0 Gas Piping Installation . . . . . . . . . 283

1310.1 Piping Underground . . . . . . . . . . . 283

1310.2 CSST Piping Systems . . . . . . . . . 284

1310.3 Installation of Aboveground Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284

Table 1310.3.5.1 Support of Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

1310.4 Concealed Piping in Buildings . . . 285

1310.5 Piping in Vertical Chases . . . . . . . 286

1310.6 Maximum Operating Pressure in Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286

1310.7 Appliance Overpressure Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286

1310.8 Gas Pipe Turns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286

1310.9 Drips and Sediment Traps . . . . . . 287

1310.10 Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

1310.11 Manual Gas Shutoff Valves . . . . . 287

1310.12 Prohibited Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

1310.13 Systems Containing Gas-Air Mixtures Outside the Flammable

Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

1310.14 Systems Containing Flammable Gas-Air Mixtures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

1311.0 Electrical Bonding and Grounding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

1311.1 Pipe and Tubing other than CSST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

1311.2 Bonding of CSST Gas Piping . . . . 289

1311.3 Arc-Resistant Jacketed CSST . . . 289

1311.4 Prohibited Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

1311.5 Lightning Protection System. . . . . 289

1311.6 Electrical Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

1311.7 Electrical Connections . . . . . . . . . 289

1312.0 Appliance and Equipment Connections to Building Piping. . . 289

1312.1 Connecting Appliances and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

1312.2 Suspended Low-Intensity Infrared Tube Heaters . . . . . . . . . 290

1312.3 Use of Nonmetallic Gas Hose

Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

1312.4 Injection (Bunsen) Burners . . . . . . 290

1312.5 Connection of Portable and

Mobile Industrial Appliances. . . . . 290

1312.6 Appliance Shutoff Valves and Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

1312.7 Quick-Disconnect Devices . . . . . . 291

1312.8 Gas Convenience Outlets. . . . . . . 291

1312.9 Sediment Trap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

1312.10 Installation of Piping . . . . . . . . . . . 291

1312.11 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Facilities and Piping . . . . . . . . . . . 291

1313.0 Pressure Testing, Inspection, and Purging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

1313.1 Piping Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

1313.2 Test Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

1313.3 Test Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

1313.4 Detection of Leaks and Defects . . 292

1313.5 Piping System Leak Test . . . . . . . 292

1313.6 Purging Requirements . . . . . . . . . 292

Table 1313.6.1 Size and Length of Piping. . . . . . . 293

1314.0 Required Gas Supply . . . . . . . . . . 293

1314.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

1314.2 Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

1314.3 Gas Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

1314.4 Size of Piping Outlets . . . . . . . . . . 294

1315.0 Required Gas Piping Size . . . . . . 294

1315.1 Pipe Sizing Methods. . . . . . . . . . . 294

1315.2 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems . . . 294

1315.3 Sizing Equations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294

Table 1315.3 Cr and Y for Natural Gas and

Undiluted Propane at Standard Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295

1315.4 Sizing of Piping Sections . . . . . . . 295

1315.5 Engineering Methods . . . . . . . . . . 295

1315.6 Variable Gas Pressures . . . . . . . . 295

Table 1315.2(1) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe . . . . . . 297

Table 1315.2(2) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe . . . . . . 298

Table 1315.2(3) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe . . . . . . 299

Table 1315.2(4) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe . . . . . . 300

Table 1315.2(5) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe . . . . . . 301

Table 1315.2(6) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe . . . . . . 302

Table 1315.2(7) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing . . . . . . 303

Table 1315.2(8) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing . . . . . . 304

Table 1315.2(9) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing . . . . . . 305

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table 1315.2(10) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing . . . . . . 306

Table 1315.2(11) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing . . . . . . 307

Table 1315.2(12) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing . . . . . . 308

Table 1315.2(13) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing . . . . . . 309

Table 1315.2(14) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310

Table 1315.2(15) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311

Table 1315.2(16) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312

Table 1315.2(17) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Table 1315.2(18) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

Table 1315.2(19) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe . . . . . . . 315

Table 1315.2(20) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe . . . . . . . 216

Table 1315.2(21) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe . . . . . . . 317

Table 1315.2(22) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing . . . . . 318

Table 1315.2(23) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing . . . . . 318

Table 1315.2(24) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe . . . . . . 319

Table 1315.2(25) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe . . . . . . 320

Table 1315.2(26) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe . . . . . . 321

Table 1315.2(27) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe . . . . . . 322

Table 1315.2(28) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing . . . . . . 323

Table 1315.2(29) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing . . . . . . 324

Table 1315.2(30) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing . . . . . . 330

Table 1315.2(31) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326

Table 1315.2(32) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327

Table 1315.2(33) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

Table 1315.2(34) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe . . . . . . . 329

Table 1315.2(35) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe . . . . . . . 330

Table 1315.2(36) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing . . . . . 331

CHAPTER 14 PROCESS PIPING. . . . . . . . . . . . 333

1401.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1401.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1402.0 Permit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1402.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1403.0 Plans Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1403.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1404.0 Workmanship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1404.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1405.0 Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1405.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1405.2 Required Inspections . . . . . . . . . . 335

1405.3 Other Inspections . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1406.0 Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings. . . . . . . 335

1406.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1406.2 Hazardous Process

Piping (HPP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

1406.3 Special Requirements for HPP Gases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336

CHAPTER 15 SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS. . . . 337

1501.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

1501.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

1502.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

CHAPTER 16 STATIONARY POWER

PLANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341

1601.0 Stationary Fuel Cell Power Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

1601.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

1602.0 Stationary Gas Engines and Generators and Gas Turbines . . . 343

1602.1 Gas Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

1602.2 Liquid-Fueled Engines and Gas Turbines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

1602.3 Stationary Engine Generators . . . 343

CHAPTER 17 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

SYSTEMS AND AMBIENT

TEMPERATURE LOOPS. . . . . . . 345

Part I General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

1701.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

1701.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

1701.2 Construction Documents . . . . . . . 347

1701.3 Site Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

1701.4 Used Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

1701.5 Contact with Building Material . . . 347

1701.6 Strains and Stresses . . . . . . . . . . 347

1701.7 Flood Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

1701.8 Pipe Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

1701.9 Velocities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

1701.10 Chemical Compatibility . . . . . . . . . 347

1701.11 Heat Transfer Fluid. . . . . . . . . . . . 347

1702.0 Groundwater Systems . . . . . . . . . 347

1702.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

Table 1701.11.1 Water Quality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

1703.0 Design of Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

1703.1 Ground-Heat Exchanger Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

1703.2 Piping and Tubing Materials Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table 1703.2 Plastic Ground Source

Loop Piping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

1703.3 Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

Table 1703.3 Ground Source Loop Pipe Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

1703.4 Underground Piping and Submerged Materials . . . . . . . . . . 348

1703.5 Indoor Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

1704.0 Heat Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

1704.1 Heat Pump Distribution System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

1704.2 Circulating Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

1705.0 Valves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

1705.1 Where Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

1705.2 Heat Exchangers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

1705.3 Central Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

1705.4 Pressure Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

1705.5 Pressure-Reducing Valves . . . . . . 349

1705.6 Equipment and Appliances. . . . . . 349

1705.7 Expansion Tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

1705.8 Reduced Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

1706.0 Specific System Components Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

1706.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

Table 1706.1 Heat Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

1706.2 Heat Exchangers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

1706.3 Heat-Transfer Medium . . . . . . . . . 350

1706.4 Insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

1707.0 Installation Practices. . . . . . . . . . . 350

1707.1 Prior to Construction. . . . . . . . . . . 350

1707.2 Equipment, Accessories, Components, and Materials . . . . . 350

1707.3 Construction Documents . . . . . . . 350

1707.4 Site Survey Requirements . . . . . . 350

1707.5 Subsurface Investigation . . . . . . . 350

1707.6 Subsurface Conditions . . . . . . . . . 350

1707.7 Ground-Heat Exchanger Installation Practices. . . . . . . . . . . 350

1707.8 Trenching, Excavation, and Backfill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

1707.9 Trenches, Tunneling, and Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

1707.10 Excavations and

Open Trenches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

1707.11 Protection of Piping, Materials, and Structures . . . . . . . 351

1707.12 Sleeves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

1707.13 Steel Nail Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

1707.14 Exterior Piping Protection . . . . . . . 351

1707.15 Heat Pump and Distribution System Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

1707.16 Pressurizing During Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

1707.17 Horizontal Geothermal

Piping - Materials and Methods . . 351

1707.18 Trenches, Excavation,

and Backfill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

1708.0 System Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1708.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1708.2 Operation and Maintenance Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1708.3 Labeling and Marking . . . . . . . . . . 352

1708.4 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1708.5 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1708.6 Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1708.7 System Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1708.8 Contaminants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1709.0 Decommissioning and Abandonment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1709.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

Part II Closed-Loop Systems . . . . . . . . 352

1710.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1710.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1710.2 Piping and Tubing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

1710.3 Borehole Piping and Tubing . . . . . 352

1710.4 Underground Fittings . . . . . . . . . . 352

1710.5 Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

1710.6 Vertical Bores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

1711.0 Ground-Heat Exchanger Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

1711.1 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

1711.2 Individual Loop Pressure Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

1711.3 Field Pressure Testing – Final . . . 353

1711.4 Field Flow Testing – Final. . . . . . . 353

Part III Open-Loop Systems . . . . . . . . . . 353

1712.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

1712.1 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

1712.2 Test Wells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353

1712.3 Installation of Water Wells . . . . . . 354

1712.4 Setbacks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

1713.0 Open Ground Water Systems . . . 354

1713.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

1713.2 Open-Loop Water Well Drilling Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

1713.3 Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . 354

1713.4 Water Wells and Injection Wells. . . 354

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1713.5 Testing and Sampling. . . . . . . . . . 354

1713.6 Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

1714.0 Testing and Verification . . . . . . . . 354

1714.1 Pumping Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

1714.2 Retesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

1714.3 Variable Rate Pump Test . . . . . . . 355

1714.4 Constant Rate Pump Test . . . . . . 355

1714.5 Water Level Monitoring. . . . . . . . . 355

1714.6 Injection Wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1714.7 Re-Injected Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

Part IV Direct Exchange (DX) Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1715.0 Direct Exchange (DX) Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1715.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1715.2 Applicability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1715.3 DX Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1715.4 DX System Testing. . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1715.5 Indoor Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1715.6 On Site Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1715.7 System Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1715.8 DX Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

Part V Geothermal Ambient

Temperature Loops (ATL) . . . . . 355

1716.0 Ambient Temperature Loop (ATL) Distributed Energy Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1716.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

1716.2 Permitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

1716.3 Ambient Loop Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

1716.4 Shutoff Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

1716.5 Bypass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

1716.6 Metering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356

1717.0 ATL Distributed Energy Systems Design Requirements . . 356

1717.1 Thermal Resources . . . . . . . . . . . 356

1717.2 District Load Profiles. . . . . . . . . . . 357

CHAPTER 18 REFERENCED STANDARDS . . . 359

1801.0 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

1801.1 Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

Table 1801.1 Referenced Standards . . . . . . . . . 361

1801.2 Standards, Publications Practices, and Guides . . . . . . . . . 378

Table 1801.2 Standards, Publications Practices, and Guides . . . . . . . . . 378

APPENDICES TABLE OF CONTENTS. . . . . . . . 385

Appendix A Residential Plans Examiner Review Form for HVAC

System Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387

Appendix B Procedures to be Followed to Place Gas Equipment in Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391

Appendix C Installation and Testing of Oil (Liquid) Fuel-Fired Equipment . . . 395

Appendix D Fuel Supply: Manufactured/Mobile Home Parks and Recreational

Vehicle Parks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403

Appendix E Sustainable Practices . . . . . . . . . . 411

Appendix F Sizing of Venting Systems and Outdoor Combustion and

Ventilation Opening Design . . . . . 533

Appendix G Example Calculation of Outdoor Air Rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545

Appendix H Professional Qualifications . . . . . . 549

Appendix I Indoor Horticultural Facilities . . . . 553

Appendix J Clean Air Delivery. . . . . . . . . . . . . 559

USEFUL TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571

HISTORY NOTE

APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593

CHAPTER 1 – ADMINISTRATION

(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

CHAPTER 1 – ADMINISTRATION (continued) (Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)

This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.0.

CHAPTER 1

ADMINISTRATION

DIVISION I CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATION

1.3.0 Reserved for Board of State and Community Correc- tions.

[HCD]

1.10.0 Department of Health Care Access and Informa- tion/Office of Statewide Hospital Planning and Develop-

ment.

DIVISION II

SCOPE AND ADMINISTRATION

Jurisdiction.