Ch. 12 Hydronics — 2025 California Mechanical Code
California Mechanical Code (Title 24, Part 4) · 2025 edition · updated 2026-10-19 · California
CBSC: official editions, supplements and errata
Italicized text is a California amendment to the model code, as printed in the official publication.
Sections in this part
- 1201.1 Applicability.
- 1201.2 Insulation.
- 1201.3 Water Hammer Protection.
- 1201.4 Terminal Units.
- 1201.5 Return-Water Low-Temperature Protection.
- 1201.6 Heat Transfer Fluid Quality.
- 1201.7 Heat Emitters.
- 1201.8 Mechanical Devices.
- 1201.9 Flexible Connectors.
- 1201.10 Freeze Protection.
- 1202.1 Prohibited Sources.
- 1202.2 Chemical Injection.
- 1202.3 Compatibility.
- 1203.1 Heat Source.
- 1203.2 Dual Purpose Water Heaters.
- 1203.3 Tankless Water Heaters.
- 1204.1 General.
- 1204.2 Color and Information.
- 1204.3 Potable Water.
- 1204.4 Nonpotable Water.
- 1204.5 Location of Piping Identification.
- 1204.6 Flow Directions.
- 1204.7 Heat Transfer Fluid.
- 1204.8 Identification of Chemical Additives.
- 1205.1 Operating Instructions.
- 1205.2 Pressure Testing.
- 1205.3 Flushing.
- 1206.1 General.
- 1206.2 Discharge Piping.
- 1207.1 General.
- 1207.2 Boilers.
- 1207.3 Dual Purpose Water Heaters.
- 1207.4 Solar Heat Collector Systems.
- 1207.5 Heat Pumps.
- 1208.1 General.
- 1208.2 Mounting.
- 1208.3 Sizing.
- 1209.1 General.
- 1209.2 Installation.
- 1209.3 Closed-Type Tanks.
- 1209.4 Sizing.
- 1210.1 Piping, Tubing, and Fittings.
- 1210.2 Expansion and Contraction.
- 1210.3 Hangers and Supports.
- 1210.4 Oxygen Diffusion Corrosion.
- 1211.1 General.
- 1211.2 Pipe Bends.
- 1211.3 Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) Pipe.
- 1211.4 CPVC/AL/CPVC Plastic Pipe and Joints.
- 1211.5 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe and Tubing.
- 1211.6 Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe.
- 1211.7 Cross-Linked Polyethylene/Aluminum/Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) Pipe.
- 1211.8 Ductile Iron Pipe.
- 1211.9 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe/Tubing.
- 1211.10 Polyethylene/Aluminum/Polyethylene (PE-AL-PE).
- 1211.11 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT).
- 1211.12 Polypropylene (PP) Pipe.
- 1211.13 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe.
- 1211.14 Steel Pipe and Tubing.
- 1211.15 Stainless Steel Pipe and Joints.
- 1211.16 Joints Between Various Materials.
- 1212.1 General.
- 1212.2 Where Required.
- 1212.3 Heat Exchanger.
- 1212.4 Pressure Vessels.
- 1212.5 Pressure Reducing Valves.
- 1212.6 Equipment, Components, and Appliances.
- 1212.7 Expansion Tank.
- 1212.8 Flow Balancing Valves.
- 1212.9 Mixing or Temperature Control Valves.
- 1212.10 Thermosiphoning.
- 1212.11 Air Removal Device or Air Vents.
- 1212.12 District Energy and Central Utility Systems.
- 1213.1 Water Temperature Controls.
- 1213.2 Operating Steam Controls.
- 1213.3 Occupied Spaces.
- 1213.4 Simultaneous Operation.
- 1213.5 Temperature Reading.
- 1214.1 Balancing.
- 1214.2 Low-Water Control.
- 1214.3 Flow-Sensing Devices.
- 1214.4 Automatic Makeup Fluid.
- 1214.5 Differential Pressure Regulation.
- 1214.6 Air-Removal Device.
- 1214.7 Air-Separation Device.
- 1214.8 Secondary Loops.
- 1215.1 General.
- 1215.2 Installation.
- 1215.3 Balancing.
- 1215.4 Heat Transfer Fluid.
- 1216.1 Steam Traps.
- 1216.2 Sloping for Two-Pipe System.
- 1216.3 Sloping for One-Pipe System.
- 1216.4 Automatic Air Vents.
- 1216.5 Condensate Flow.
- 1216.6 Steam-Distribution Piping.
- 1217.1 Installation.
- 1217.2 Radiant Under-Floor Heating.
- 1217.3 Radiant Cooling Systems.
- 1217.4 Chilled Water Supply/Distribution Piping.
- 1217.5 Tube Placement.
- 1217.6 Tube Length.
- 1217.7 Tube Identification.
- 1217.8 Poured Floor Structural Concrete Slab Systems (Thermal Mass).
- 1217.9 Joist Systems and Subfloors.
- 1217.10 Wall and Ceiling Panels.
- 1217.11 Radiant Heating and Cooling Panels.
- 1218.1 General.
- 1219.1 General.
- 1220.1 Use of Chemical Additives and Corrosive Fluids.
- 1220.2 Types of Tube Fasteners.
- 1220.3 Spacing of Tube Fasteners.
- 1220.4 Snow and Ice Melt Controls.
- 1220.5 Hydronic Makeup Air Units.
- 1221.1 General.
- 1221.2 Embedded Piping Materials and Joints.
- 1221.3 Pressure Testing.
- 1221.4 System Drainage.
- 1221.5 Condensate Drainage.
- 1221.6 Hydronic Fluid Disposal.
- 1221.7 Clearance to Combustibles.
Cite as: 2025 California Mechanical Code (Title 24, Part 4) Chapter 12 · Effective January 1, 2026 · Official source: Building Standards Commission
(Matrix Adoption Tables are non-regulatory, intended only as an aid to the code user. See Chapter 1 for state agency authority and building applications.)
| Adopting Agency | BSC | BSC-CG | SFM | HCD 1 | HCD 2 | HCD 1-AC | DSA AC | DSA SS | DSA SS/CC | OSHPD 1 | OSHPD 1R | OSHPD 2 | OSHPD 3 | OSHPD 4 | OSHPD 5 | OSHPD 6 | BSCC | DPH | AGR | DWR | CEC | CA | SL | SLC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adopt Entire Chapter | X | X | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Adopt Entire Chapter as amended (amended sections listed below) | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
| Adopt only those sections that are listed below | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chapter/ |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1205.2, Note | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1210.2 | X | X | X | X | X | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1211.7, Note | X | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1217.8.2.1 | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1217.10.1 | X | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1220.4.7.1 | X |
This state agency does not adopt sections identified with the following symbol: † The Office of the State Fire Marshal’s adoption of this chapter or individual sections is applicable to structures regulated by other state agencies pursuant to Section 1.11.0.
CHAPTER 12
HYDRONICS
| TABLE 1201.10 PERCENT GLYCOL MIXTURES | ||
|---|---|---|
FREEZING POINT, °F |
FREEZING POINT, °F |
FREEZING POINT, °F |
(% BY VOLUME) |
ETHYLENE GLYCOL* | PROPYLENE GLYCOL |
20 |
16 | 18 |
30 |
3 | 8 |
40 |
-12 | -7 |
50 |
-35 | -28 |
For SI units: °C = (°F-32)/1.8 Note:
- Ethylene glycol shall not be used in one- and two-unit residential systems. In existing systems, where ethylene glycol is used, there shall be no direct or permanent potable water connections. Where a temporary potable water connection is required, a backflow preventer shall be installed.
»
1201.0 General.¶
1202.0 Protection of Potable Water Supply.¶
1203.0 Capacity of Heat Source.¶
1204.0 Identification of Potable and Nonpotable Water Systems.¶
Water Systems.
1205.0 Installation, Testing, and Inspection.¶
1206.0 Pressure and Safety Devices.¶
1207.0 Heating Appliances and Equipment.¶
1208.0 Circulators and Pumps.¶
1209.0 Expansion Tanks.¶
1210.0 Materials.¶
1211.0 Joints and Connections.¶
1212.0 Valves.¶
1213.0 System Controls.¶
1214.0 Pressure and Flow Controls.¶
1215.0 Hydronic Space Heating.¶
1216.0 Steam Systems.¶
1217.0 Radiant Heating and Cooling.¶
1218.0 Heat Exchangers.¶
1219.0 Indirect-Fired Domestic Hot-Water Storage Tanks.¶
Tanks.
1220.0 Snow and Ice Melt Systems.¶
1221.0 Piping Installation.¶
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